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  2. pH - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH

    The neutral value of the pH depends on the temperature and is lower than 7 if the temperature increases above 25 °C. The pH range is commonly given as zero to 14, but a pH value can be less than 0 for very concentrated strong acids or greater than 14 for very concentrated strong bases. [2]

  3. Weak base - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weak_base

    Given its greater H + concentration, the formula yields a lower pH value for the weak base. However, pH of bases is usually calculated in terms of the OH − concentration. This is done because the H + concentration is not a part of the reaction, whereas the OH − concentration is. The pOH is defined as:

  4. Ocean acidification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_acidification

    Ocean acidification means that the average seawater pH value is dropping over time. [1]Ocean acidification is the ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's ocean.Between 1950 and 2020, the average pH of the ocean surface fell from approximately 8.15 to 8.05. [2]

  5. Buffer solution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffer_solution

    A buffer solution is a solution where the pH does not change significantly on dilution or if an acid or base is added at constant temperature. [1] Its pH changes very little when a small amount of strong acid or base is added to it. Buffer solutions are used as a means of keeping pH at a nearly constant value in a wide variety of chemical ...

  6. Acidosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acidosis

    The use of acidosis for a low pH creates an ambiguity in its meaning. The difference is important where a patient has factors causing both acidosis and alkalosis, wherein the relative severity of both determines whether the result is a high, low, or normal pH. [citation needed] Alkalemia occurs at a pH over 7.45.

  7. Intracellular pH - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intracellular_pH

    Intracellular pH is typically lower than extracellular pH due to lower concentrations of HCO 3 −. [9] A rise of extracellular (e.g., serum) partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO 2) above 45 mmHg leads to formation of carbonic acid, which causes a decrease of pH i as it dissociates: [10]

  8. Estuarine acidification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estuarine_acidification

    The pH of estuaries is highly variable because of freshwater flow from rivers and groundwater, as well as primary productivity (exacerbated by nutrient loading) and coastal upwelling. Fresh water from rivers typically has a lower pH than ocean water (~7 compared to ~8).

  9. Alkalinity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkalinity

    The lower the pH, the higher the concentration of bicarbonate will be. This shows how a lower pH can lead to higher alkalinity if the amount of bicarbonate produced is greater than the amount of H + remaining after the reaction. This is the case since the amount of acid in the rainwater is low.

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