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Copiers can also use other technologies, such as inkjet, but xerography is standard for office copying. Commercial xerographic office photocopying [1] gradually replaced copies made by verifax, photostat, carbon paper, mimeograph machines, and other duplicating machines. Photocopying is widely used in the business, education, and government ...
Chester Floyd Carlson (February 8, 1906 – September 19, 1968) was an American physicist, inventor, and patent attorney born in Seattle, Washington.. Carlson invented electrophotography (now xerography, meaning "dry writing"), producing a dry copy in contrast to the wet copies then produced by the Photostat process; it is now used by millions of photocopiers worldwide.
Xerox 914 photo copier. The Xerox 914 was the first successful commercial plain paper copier.Introduced in 1959 by the Haloid/Xerox company, it revolutionized the document-copying industry.
The cores of copying pencils, which appear to have been introduced in the 1870s, were made from a mixture of graphite, clay, and aniline dye. By the late 1870s, an improved method for moistening pages in copying books had been invented, and by the late 1880s it had been widely adopted.
Xerox was founded in 1906 in Rochester, New York, as the Haloid Photographic Company. [11] It manufactured photographic paper and equipment. In 1938, Chester Carlson, a physicist working independently, invented a process for printing images using an electrically charged photoconductor-coated metal plate [12] and dry powder "toner".
Xerography is a dry photocopying technique. [1] Originally called electrophotography, it was renamed xerography—from the Greek roots ξηρός xeros, meaning "dry" and -γραφία-graphia, meaning "writing"—to emphasize that unlike reproduction techniques then in use such as cyanotype, the process of xerography used no liquid chemicals.
Stencil-based copying methods Papyrography; Electric pen, invented by Thomas Edison; Trypograph (also file plate process) Cyclostyle, Neostyle; Stencil-based machines Mimeograph (also Roneo, Gestetner) Digital Duplicators (also called CopyPrinters, e.g., Riso and Gestetner) Typewriter-based copying methods Carbon paper; Blueprint typewriter ribbon
The Photostat brand machine, differing in operation from the RetinalGraph but with the same purpose of the photographic copying of documents, was invented in Kansas City by Oscar T. Gregory in 1907. A directory of the city from 1909 shows his "Gregory Commercial Camera Company".