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  2. Tonic tensor tympani syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonic_tensor_tympani_syndrome

    Tonic tensor tympani syndrome is a disease of the tensor tympani muscle, described by Klochoff et al. in 1971. [1] [2] The tensor tympani muscle is one of the two middle ear muscles that support the three middle ear bones, called the ossicles. TTTS involves tensor tympani muscle activity being reduced, leading to a decrease in the contraction ...

  3. Tensor tympani muscle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensor_tympani_muscle

    The tensor tympani is a muscle within the middle ear, located in the bony canal above the bony part of the auditory tube, and connects to the malleus bone. Its role is to dampen loud sounds, such as those produced from chewing, shouting, or thunder.

  4. Middle ear - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_ear

    The stapedius muscle, the smallest skeletal muscle in the body, connects to the stapes and is controlled by the facial nerve; the tensor tympani muscle is attached to the upper end of the medial surface of the handle of malleus [2] and is under the control of the medial pterygoid nerve which is a branch of the mandibular nerve of the trigeminal ...

  5. Acoustic reflex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acoustic_reflex

    The acoustic reflex (also known as the stapedius reflex, [1] stapedial reflex, [2] auditory reflex, [3] middle-ear-muscle reflex (MEM reflex, MEMR), [4] attenuation reflex, [5] cochleostapedial reflex [6] or intra-aural reflex [6]) is an involuntary muscle contraction that occurs in the middle ear in response to loud sound stimuli or when the person starts to vocalize.

  6. Hyperacusis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperacusis

    Of note, the tensor tympani muscle is innervated by the trigeminal nerve. The model also explains how whiplash injuries, temporomandibular joint dysfunction, and other conditions affecting the head and neck regions may influence the function of the tensor tympani muscle and contribute to ear symptoms such as pain hyperacusis. [7] [8] [9]

  7. Middle meningeal artery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_meningeal_artery

    A superior tympanic artery runs in the canal of the tensor tympani muscle, and supplies this muscle and the lining of the canal. Orbital branches pass through the superior orbital fissure or through separate canals in the great wing of the sphenoid, to anastomose with the lacrimal or other branches of the ophthalmic artery.

  8. Medial pterygoid nerve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medial_pterygoid_nerve

    The medial pterygoid nerve supplies the medial pterygoid muscle, tensor tympani muscle, and tensor veli palatini muscle (via the nerve to tensor veli palatini). [1] The tensor veli palati muscle is the only of the five paired skeletal muscles to the soft palate not innervated by the pharyngeal plexus. [citation needed]

  9. List of reflexes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_reflexes

    Vagovagal reflex — contraction of muscles in the gastrointestinal tract in response to distension of the tract following consumption of food and drink. Vestibulocollic reflex; Vestibulo-spinal reflex; Vestibulo-ocular reflex — movement of the eyes to the right when the head is rotated to the left, and vice versa. Withdrawal reflex; Yawn