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True dormancy or inherent (or innate) dormancy is caused by conditions within the seed that prevent germination even if the conditions are favorable. [7] Imposed dormancy is caused by the external conditions that remain unsuitable for germination [8] Seed dormancy can be divided into two major categories based on what part of the seed produces dormancy: exogenous and endogenous. [9]
The simplest model assigns one chilling unit for every full hour at temperatures below 7 °C (45 °F). A slightly more sophisticated model excludes freezing temperatures, which do not contribute to proper dormancy cycle, and counts only hours with temperatures between 0 °C (32 °F) and 7 °C (45 °F). [3]
There have been several seeds known at different times as the oldest viable seed. Dormancy allows seeds to survive for extended periods, which can aid in seed dispersal and spread out the growth and establishment of seedlings , increasing the likelihood that some of the next generations survive if conditions are not suitable for seedling ...
Any seeds that are indicated as needing a period of warm stratification followed by cold stratification should be subjected to the same measures, but the seeds should additionally be stratified in a warm area first, followed by the cold period in a refrigerator later. Warm stratification requires temperatures of 15–20 °C (59–68 °F).
Some seeds will only germinate after hot temperatures during a forest fire which cracks their seed coats; this is a type of physical dormancy. Most common annual vegetables have optimal germination temperatures between 75–90 F (24–32 C), though many species (e.g. radishes or spinach ) can germinate at significantly lower temperatures, as ...
Dormancy should not be confused with seed coat dormancy, external dormancy, or hardheadedness, which is caused by the presence of a hard seed covering or seed coat that prevents water and oxygen from reaching and activating the embryo. It is a physical barrier to germination, not a true form of dormancy (Quinliven, 1971; Quinliven and Nichol ...
Exposition to cold temperatures increases the production of Gibberellins. They stimulate cell elongation, breaking and budding, and seedless fruits. Gibberellins cause also seed germination by breaking the seed's dormancy and acting as a chemical messenger.
Toggle the table of contents. ... Ripening or maturity of fruit and seed; 9: Senescence, beginning of dormancy; ... Leafy vegetables forming heads;
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