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A nanoparticle or ultrafine particle is a particle of matter 1 to 100 nanometres (nm) in diameter. [1] [2] The term is sometimes used for larger particles, up to 500 nm, or fibers and tubes that are less than 100 nm in only two directions.
The enhancement falls off quickly with distance from the surface and, for noble metal nanoparticles, the resonance occurs at visible wavelengths. [2] Localized surface plasmon resonance creates brilliant colors in metal colloidal solutions. [3] For metals like silver and gold, the oscillation frequency is also affected by the electrons in d ...
The term "Janus Particle" was coined by author Leonard Wibberley in his 1962 novel The Mouse on the Moon as a science-fictional device for space travel.. The term was first used in a real-world scientific context by C. Casagrande et al. in 1988 [8] to describe spherical glass particles with one of the hemispheres hydrophilic and the other hydrophobic.
The upconverting nanoparticles can bind to lysozyme in sweat that is deposited when a fingertip touches a surface. Also, a cocaine-specific aptamer is developed to identify cocaine-laced fingerprints by the same method. Upconverting nanoparticles can also be used for barcoding. These micro-barcodes can be embedded onto various objects.
A nanofluid is a fluid containing nanometer-sized particles, called nanoparticles. These fluids are engineered colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles in a base fluid. [1] [2] The nanoparticles used in nanofluids are typically made of metals, oxides, carbides, or carbon nanotubes. Common base fluids include water, ethylene glycol, [3] and oil.
Ceramic nanoparticle is a type of nanoparticle that is composed of ceramics, which are generally classified as inorganic, heat-resistant, nonmetallic solids that can be made of both metallic and nonmetallic compounds.
In vitro studies exploring the dispersion of diamond nanoparticles in cells have revealed that most diamond nanoparticles exhibit fluorescence and are uniformly distributed. [21] Fluorescent nanodiamond particles can be mass produced through irradiating diamond nanocrystallites with helium ions. [ 22 ]
The size of nanoparticles synthesized onto a substrate such as alumina depends on various parameters such as the pore size of the support. [9] Platinum nanoparticles can also be synthesized by decomposing Pt 2 (dba) 3 (dba = dibenzylideneacetone) under a CO or H 2 atmosphere, in the presence of a capping agent. [2]