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  2. Infant respiratory distress syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infant_respiratory...

    The characteristic histopathology seen in babies who die from RDS was the source of the name "hyaline membrane disease". Waxlike layers of hyaline membrane line the collapsed alveoli of the lung. In addition, the lungs show bleeding, overdistention of airways, and damage to the lining cells. [citation needed]

  3. Pulmonary hypoplasia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_hypoplasia

    Medical diagnosis of pulmonary hypoplasia in utero may use imaging, usually ultrasound or MRI. [12] [13] The extent of hypoplasia is a very important prognostic factor. [14]One study of 147 fetuses (49 normal, 98 with abnormalities) found that a simple measurement, the ratio of chest length to trunk length, was a useful predictor of postnatal respiratory distress. [15]

  4. Transient tachypnea of the newborn - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transient_tachypnea_of_the...

    Transient tachypnea of the newborn is a respiratory problem that can be seen in the newborn shortly after delivery. It is caused by retained fetal lung fluid due to impaired clearance mechanisms. [1] It is the most common cause of respiratory distress in term neonates.

  5. Meconium aspiration syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meconium_aspiration_syndrome

    Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), also known as neonatal aspiration of meconium, is a medical condition affecting newborn infants. It describes the spectrum of disorders and pathophysiology of newborns born in meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) and have meconium within their lungs. Therefore, MAS has a wide range of severity depending on ...

  6. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchopulmonary_dysplasia

    Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD; part of the spectrum of chronic lung disease of infancy) is a chronic lung disease which affects premature infants. Premature (preterm) infants who require treatment with supplemental oxygen or require long-term oxygen are at a higher risk. [ 1 ]

  7. Persistent fetal circulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persistent_fetal_circulation

    When the baby is born, the lungs are needed for oxygen transfer and need high blood flow which is encouraged by low PVR. The failure of the circulatory system of the newborn to adapt to these changes by lowering PVR leads to persistent fetal circulation. [2] The newborn is therefore born with elevated PVR, which leads to pulmonary hypertension.

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  9. Congenital pulmonary airway malformation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_pulmonary...

    CPAM on chest radiograph in a newborn. Large cystic changes in the left lung, leading to a mediastinal shift to the right due to their mass effect. CPAMs are often identified during routine prenatal ultrasonography. Identifying characteristics on the sonogram include: an echogenic (bright) mass appearing in the chest of the fetus, displacement ...