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The symptoms of milk allergy can be confused with other disorders that present similar clinical features, such as lactose intolerance, infectious gastroenteritis, celiac disease, non-celiac gluten sensitivity, inflammatory bowel disease, eosinophilic gastroenteritis and pancreatic insufficiency, among others.
Lactose intolerance is distinct from milk allergy, an immune response to cow's milk proteins. They may be distinguished in diagnosis by giving lactose-free milk, producing no symptoms in the case of lactose intolerance, but the same reaction as to normal milk in the presence of a milk allergy. A person can have both conditions.
The skim milk is then fractionated using ultrafiltration to make a skim concentrate that is lactose-reduced. [1] This process separates milk components according to their molecular size. Milk then passes through a membrane that allows some of the lactose, minerals, and water to cross through.
Lactase persistence or lactose tolerance is the continued activity of the lactase enzyme in adulthood, allowing the digestion of lactose in milk. In most mammals , the activity of the enzyme is dramatically reduced after weaning . [ 1 ]
Casein intolerance, also known as "milk protein intolerance", is experienced when the body cannot break down the proteins of casein. [45] The prevalence of casein allergy or intolerance ranges from 0.25% to 4.9% of young children. [46] Numbers for older children and adults are not known.
About 75% of children who have allergies to milk protein are able to tolerate baked-in milk products, i.e., muffins, cookies, cake, and hydrolyzed formulas. [99] About 50% of children with allergies to milk, egg, soy, peanuts, tree nuts, and wheat will outgrow their allergy by the age of 6.
Lactose intolerance is a condition in which people have symptoms due to deficiency or absence of the enzyme lactase in the small intestine, causing poor absorption of milk lactose. [ 123 ] [ 124 ] People affected vary in the amount of lactose they can tolerate before symptoms develop, [ 123 ] which may include abdominal pain, bloating ...
Celiac disease, an autoimmune disorder caused by an immune response to the protein gluten, results in gluten intolerance and can lead to temporary lactose intolerance. [ 27 ] [ 28 ] The most widely distributed naturally occurring food chemical capable of provoking reactions is salicylate , [ 18 ] although tartrazine and benzoic acid are well ...