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Distribution of fluorescent proteins in animals. The hippocampus of a mouse imaged via fluorescence microscopy. Biofluorescent emission spectra from amphibians Example uses of fluorescent proteins for imaging in the life sciences. Fluorescence is used in the life sciences generally as a non-destructive way of tracking or analysing biological ...
The green fluorescent protein (GFP) is a protein that exhibits green fluorescence when exposed to light in the blue to ultraviolet range. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The label GFP traditionally refers to the protein first isolated from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria and is sometimes called avGFP .
Like GFP and other fluorescent proteins, RFP is a barrel-shaped protein made primarily out of β-sheet motifs; this type of protein fold is commonly known as a β-barrel. The mass of RFP is approximately 25.9 kDa. Its excitation maximum is 558 nm, and its emission maximum is 583 nm. [3]
Fluorescence in the life sciences is used generally as a non-destructive way of tracking or analysis of biological molecules by means of the fluorescent emission at a specific frequency where there is no background from the excitation light, as relatively few cellular components are naturally fluorescent (called intrinsic or autofluorescence).
The fluorescence of a folded protein is a mixture of the fluorescence from individual aromatic residues. Most of the intrinsic fluorescence emissions of a folded protein are due to excitation of tryptophan residues, with some emissions due to tyrosine and phenylalanine; but disulfide bonds also have appreciable absorption in this wavelength range.
Typical excitation and emission spectrum of FMN-binding fluorescent proteins (FbFPs) Typically FbFPs have an excitation maximum at a wavelength of approximately 450 nm (blue light) and a second distinct excitation peak around 370 nm (UV-A light). The main emission peak is at approx. 495 nm, with a shoulder around 520 nm.
mCherry is a member of the mFruits family of monomeric red fluorescent proteins (mRFPs). As an RFP, mCherry was derived from DsRed of Discosoma sea anemones, unlike green fluorescent proteins (GFPs) which are often derived from Aequorea victoria jellyfish. [1]
Yellow fluorescent protein, Zoanthus. Yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) is a genetic mutant of green fluorescent protein (GFP) originally derived from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria. [1] Its excitation peak is 513 nm and its emission peak is 527 nm. [2]