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The term molecule may or may not be used to refer to a polyatomic ion, depending on the definition used. The prefix poly-carries the meaning "many" in Greek, but even ions of two atoms are commonly described as polyatomic. [2] In older literature, a polyatomic ion may instead be referred to as a radical (or less commonly, as a radical group).
Zintl phases are intermetallic compounds that have a pronounced ionic bonding character. They are made up of a polyanionic substructure and group 1 or 2 counter ions, and their structure can be understood by a formal electron transfer from the electropositive element to the more electronegative element in their composition.
5 v 4 o 4− 12 + 12 h + → 2 v 10 o 26 (oh) 4− 2 + 4 h 2 o When such acidifications are conducted in the presence of phosphate or silicate , heteropolymetalate result. For example, the phosphotungstate anion [PW 12 O 40 ] 3− consists of a framework of twelve octahedral tungsten oxyanions surrounding a central phosphate group.
The existence of the metal–metal bond in Hg(I) compounds was established using X-ray studies in 1927 [2] [page needed] and Raman spectroscopy in 1934 [3] making it one of the earliest, if not the first, metal–metal covalent bonds to be characterised. Other mercury polycations are the linear Hg 2+ 3 and Hg 2+ 4 ions, [3] and the triangular ...
Quaternary ammonium cation. The R groups may be the same or different alkyl or aryl groups. Also, the R groups may be connected. In organic chemistry, quaternary ammonium cations, also known as quats, are positively-charged polyatomic ions of the structure [NR 4] +, where R is an alkyl group, an aryl group [1] or organyl group.
The same structure occurs in so-called meta-vanadates, such as ammonium metavanadate, NH 4 VO 3. The formula of the oxyanion SiO 2− 3 is obtained as follows: each nominal silicon ion (Si 4+) is attached to two nominal oxide ions (O 2−) and has a half share in two others. Thus the stoichiometry and charge are given by:
Structure of the Bi 2+ 8 cluster in [Bi 8](GaCl 4) 2.The Bi–Bi bond lengths are 3.07 Å. [1]Bismuth polycations are polyatomic ions of the formula Bi n+ x.They were originally observed in solutions of bismuth metal in molten bismuth chloride. [2]
Contributing structures of the carbonate ion. In chemistry, resonance, also called mesomerism, is a way of describing bonding in certain molecules or polyatomic ions by the combination of several contributing structures (or forms, [1] also variously known as resonance structures or canonical structures) into a resonance hybrid (or hybrid structure) in valence bond theory.