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Vigorish (also known as juice, under-juice, the cut, the take, the margin, the house edge or the vig) is the fee charged by a bookmaker for accepting a gambler's wager. In American English , it can also refer to the interest owed a loanshark in consideration for credit.
The amount by which the actual 'book' exceeds 100% is known as the 'overround', [1]: 96–104 [2]: 126–130 'bookmaker margin' [4] or the 'vigorish' or 'vig' [4] and represents the bookmaker's expected profit. Thus, in an "ideal" situation, if the bookmaker accepts £120 in bets at his own quoted odds in the correct proportion, he will pay out ...
The fx-82ES introduced by Casio in 2004 was the first calculator to incorporate the Natural Textbook Display (or Natural Display) system. It allowed the display of expressions of fractions, exponents, logarithms, powers and square roots etc. as they are written in a standard textbook.
A normal quantile plot for a simulated set of test statistics that have been standardized to be Z-scores under the null hypothesis. The departure of the upper tail of the distribution from the expected trend along the diagonal is due to the presence of substantially more large test statistic values than would be expected if all null hypotheses were true.
Wolpert had previously derived no free lunch theorems for machine learning (statistical inference). [ 2 ] In 2005, Wolpert and Macready themselves indicated that the first theorem in their paper "state[s] that any two optimization algorithms are equivalent when their performance is averaged across all possible problems".
For the key, this version uses a block of text as long as the plaintext. Since the key is as long as the message, the Friedman and Kasiski tests no longer work, as the key is not repeated. If multiple keys are used, the effective key length is the least common multiple of the lengths of the individual keys.
Vig was born in Viroqua, Wisconsin, [2] son of DeVerne William Vig (1922–2021) and Betty Jeanette (1931–2005), née Brewster. DeVerne Vig was a hospital staff doctor who practiced medicine with his twin, David, and their elder brother, Edward, in Viroqua for nearly forty years; [4] Betty Vig was a music teacher [5] and clinic administrator who played an active role in the community as a ...
The Man Who Saw Tomorrow is a 1981 American documentary-style film about the predictions of French astrologer and physician Michel de Notredame (Nostradamus).Presented and narrated by Orson Welles, who also hosts some segments, the film depicts many of Nostradamus' predictions as evidence of Nostradamus' ability, though as with other works, nothing is offered which conclusively proves his ...