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Napoleon reconciled with the Catholic Church and asked for a chaplain, saying "it would rest my soul to hear Mass". [4] The pope petitioned the British to allow this, and sent the Abbé Ange Vignali to Saint Helena. On 20 April 1821, Napoleon told General Charles Tristan, "I was born in the Catholic religion. I wish to fulfill the duties it ...
The younger generation had received little religious instruction, and was unfamiliar with traditional worship. [81] However, in response to the external pressures of foreign wars, religious fervour was strong, especially among women. [82] Napoleon's Concordat of 1801 provided stability and ended attacks on the Church.
Napoleon took a utilitarian approach to the role of religion. [9] He could now win favour with French Catholics while also controlling Rome in a political sense. Napoleon once told his brother Lucien in April 1801, "Skillful conquerors have not got entangled with priests. They can both contain them and use them."
The French general and statesman responsible for the concordat, Napoleon Bonaparte, had a generally favourable attitude towards Protestants, and the concordat did not make Catholicism the state religion again. [1] In April 1802, Bonaparte unilaterally promulgated the Organic Articles, a law designed to implement the terms of the concordat.
On July 15, 1801, Napoleon signed a Concordat with the Pope, which allowed the thirty-five surviving parish churches and two hundred chapels and other religious institutions of Paris to reopen. The 289 priests remaining in Paris were again allowed to wear their clerical costumes in the street, and the church bells of Paris (those which had not ...
Looting of a church during the Revolution, by Swebach-Desfontaines (c. 1793). The aim of a number of separate policies conducted by various governments of France during the French Revolution ranged from the appropriation by the government of the great landed estates and the large amounts of money held by the Catholic Church to the termination of Christian religious practice and of the religion ...
In 1797, two years before Napoleon seized power, there had been a revolt in the Vendée of lay Catholics which had been brutally suppressed. This incident is believed to have inspired the Organic Articles. It was also an attempt to prevent any more religious strife in French cities [citation needed].
[20] [21] The negotiators were Napoleon Bonaparte, then First Consul, and representatives of the Papacy and, such as it remained, the nonjuring clergy. [21] The Concordat was the organic act of the Roman Catholic Church in France for a century ; moreover, it legitimised and terminated the confiscations and church reforms that had been ...