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The Etruscans are believed to have spoken a Pre-Indo-European [117] [118] [119] and Paleo-European language, [120] and the majority consensus is that Etruscan is related only to other members of what is called the Tyrsenian language family, which in itself is an isolate family, that is unrelated directly to other known language groups.
The Etruscan language portion has 16 lines and 37 words. The date is roughly 500 BC. [76] The tablets were found in 1964 by Massimo Pallottino during an excavation at the ancient Etruscan port of Pyrgi, now Santa Severa. The only new Etruscan word that could be extracted from close analysis of the tablets was the word for 'three', ci. [77]
Etruscan history is the written record of Etruscan civilization ... He finds Etruscan on one hand genetically related to the Rhaetic language spoken in the Alps ...
Rix finds Etruscan on the one hand genetically related to the Rhaetic language spoken in the Alps north of Etruria, suggesting autochthonous connections, but on the other hand he notes that the Lemnian language found on the "Lemnos stele" is closely related to Etruscan, entailing either Etruscan presence in "Tyrsenian" Lemnos, or "Tyrsenian ...
A diagram showing pre-Indo-European languages. Red dots indicate populations before the Indo-European peoples migrated from the steppes.. The pre-Indo-European languages are any of several ancient languages, not necessarily related to one another, that existed in Prehistoric Europe, Asia Minor, Ancient Iran and Southern Asia before the arrival of speakers of Indo-European languages.
Map showing Etruria and Etruscan colonies as of 750 BC and as expanded until 500 BC. Etruria (/ ɪ ˈ t r ʊər i ə / ih-TROOR-ee-ə) was a region of Central Italy delimited by the rivers Arno and Tiber, [1] an area that covered what is now most of Tuscany, northern Lazio, and north-western Umbria.
Etruscan cities were a group of ancient settlements that shared a common Etruscan language and culture, even though they were independent city-states. They flourished over a large part of the northern half of Italy starting from the Iron Age , and in some cases reached a substantial level of wealth and power.
Map of known Paleo-European languages, including substrate languages.. The Paleo-European languages (sometimes also called Old European languages) [1] [2] are the mostly unknown languages that were spoken in Neolithic (c. 7000 – c. 1700 BC) and Bronze Age Europe (c. 3200 – c. 600 BC) prior to the spread of the Indo-European and Uralic families of languages.