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Autoimmune inner ear disease (AIED) was first defined by Dr. Brian McCabe in a landmark paper describing an autoimmune loss of hearing. [2] The disease results in progressive sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) that acts bilaterally and asymmetrically, and sometimes affects an individual's vestibular system .
No cure for Ménière's disease is known, but medications, diet, physical therapy, counseling, and some surgical approaches can be used to manage it. [4] More than 85% of patients with Ménière's disease get better from changes in lifestyle, medical treatment, or minimally invasive surgical procedures.
A 2018 study from Korea found the chance of progression to Meniere's disease of all participants with SLFHL to be 9.38% with an average progression time of 1.7±1.4 years, but when limited to patients with recurring symptoms "it was confirmed that about half (46.88%) of them progressed to Meniere's disease."
[2] 20% to 100% of patients, depending on time of presentation, develop a protein-losing gastropathy accompanied by low blood albumin and edema. [2] [3] Symptoms and pathological features of Ménétrier disease in children are similar to those in adults, but disease in children is usually self-limited and often follows respiratory infection. [4]
[1] [2] It may be associated with nausea, vomiting, perspiration, or difficulties walking. [2] It is typically worse when the head is moved. [2] Vertigo is the most common type of dizziness. [2] The most common disorders that result in vertigo are benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), Ménière's disease, and vestibular neuritis.
Betahistine, sold under the brand name Serc among others, is an anti-vertigo medication.It is commonly prescribed for balance disorders or to alleviate vertigo symptoms.It was first registered in Europe in 1970 for the treatment of Ménière's disease, but current evidence does not support its efficacy in treating it.
Hearing loss completely recovers in around 35–39% of patients with SSNHL, usually within one to two weeks from onset. [34] Steroid treatment within seven days, a lower initial severity of hearing loss, the absence of vertigo, younger patient age, and a history of cardiovascular disease are all associated with complete hearing recovery. [35]
Endolymphatic hydrops may occur as a result of trauma such as a blow to the head, infection, degeneration of the inner ear, allergies, dehydration and loss of electrolytes or in extremely rare circumstances a benign tumor such as an endolymphatic sac tumor. [2] In many cases, it is not clear what causes the disorder.