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Osteogenesis imperfecta ... 101 Treatment may include acute care ... an untreated adult with type IV may have worse symptoms than a treated adult with type ...
Osteogenesis imperfecta, congenital dwarfisms, skeletal dysplasias: Treatment: Asfotase alfa (Strensiq), an enzyme replacement therapy: Prognosis: Severe perinatal forms are lethal without treatment; adult forms may only show moderate symptoms: Frequency: Rare (1 in 100,000); [3] more common in some populations [4]
It was first discovered in 1972 by Bianchine et al. when they described three families with osteogenesis imperfecta, pseudoglioma, retinoblastoma, and recurrence of bone fractures. [ 8 ] References
The symptoms of a vertebral collapse ("compression fracture") are sudden back pain, often with radicular pain (shooting pain due to nerve root compression) and rarely with spinal cord compression or cauda equina syndrome. Multiple vertebral fractures lead to a stooped posture, loss of height, and chronic pain with resultant reduction in mobility.
Diagnosis is suspected based on symptoms and X-rays with confirmation by genetic testing. [4] Other conditions that can produce similar symptoms include mandibuloacral dysplasia, pyknodysostosis, osteogenesis imperfecta, and Hajdu-Cheney syndrome. [5] Treatment includes supportive measures such as a device to protect the skull and dental care. [5]
A bone fracture may be the result of high force impact or stress, or a minimal trauma injury as a result of certain medical conditions that weaken the bones, such as osteoporosis, osteopenia, bone cancer, or osteogenesis imperfecta, where the fracture is then properly termed a pathologic fracture. [3]
The genetics of Bruck syndrome differs from osteogenesis imperfecta. Osteogenesis imperfecta usually involves autosomal dominant mutations to COL1A1 or COL1A2 which encode type 1 procollagen. [ 6 ] Bruck syndrome is linked to mutations in two genes, and therefore is divided in two types.
A pathologic fracture is a bone fracture caused by weakness of the bone structure that leads to decrease mechanical resistance to normal mechanical loads. [1] This process is most commonly due to osteoporosis, but may also be due to other pathologies such as cancer, infection (such as osteomyelitis), inherited bone disorders, or a bone cyst.