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A natural monument is a natural or cultural feature of outstanding or unique value because of its inherent rarity, representative of aesthetic qualities, or cultural significance. [1] They can be natural geological and geographical features such as waterfalls, cliffs, craters, fossil, sand dunes, rock forms, valleys and coral reefs.
The grey iron castings were made in Birmingham entirely from locally produced iron. The completed weight of the god Vulcan's figure alone is 100,000 pounds (45,359 kg). When Vulcan's anvil , block, hammer, and spearpoint are added, the statue weighs a total of 120,000 pounds (54,431 kg) and it stands on a 123-foot tall (37 m) pedestal.
The commercial advantage of the area was that the three essential elements for iron production, coal, iron ore and limestone, all outcropped on the land surface in the western valleys, allowing for their much easier, horizontal, extraction rather than requiring the construction of deep, vertical, mines. [4]
The nonprofit World Monuments Fund (WMF) has announced its 2025 World Monuments Watch list. ... thanks to its rich iron ore deposits. At one point, 37 islands once participated in mining ...
In the period from the 1730s to the 1830s, the Goroblagodatskoye ore management produced 1.2 million tonnes of ore at a production cost of 3-4 kopecks per pood. [12] By the early 2000s, total production at the deposit reached 150 million tonnes of ore. By that time, the average iron content in the mined ore was about 30%. [12]
High-grade gold ore from the Witwatersrand near Johannesburg. The Witwatersrand Basin is a largely underground geological formation which surfaces in the Witwatersrand. It holds the world's largest known gold reserves and has produced over 40 000 tonnes (1.3 × 10 9 ozt), which represents about 22% of all the gold accounted for above the ...
It supplemented copper extraction with iron and timber production. Production of the iconic falu red paint began in earnest. In the 19th century, iron and forest products continued to grow in their importance. In 1881 gold was discovered in Falun Mine, resulting in a short-lived gold rush. A total of 5 tonnes of gold would eventually be produced.
The iron pillar of Delhi is a structure 7.21 metres (23 feet 8 inches) high with a 41-centimetre (16 in) diameter that was constructed by Chandragupta II (reigned c. 375–415 CE), and now stands in the Qutb complex at Mehrauli in Delhi, India.