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During 2021, interconnectors provided 28TWh of electricity to the UK, which equates to 10% of total demand, whilst in 2009 this figure was 7TWh. [1] Interconnectors allow the trade of electricity between countries with excess renewable generation and those with high demand.
Electricity interconnection as percentage (EIL = electricity interconnection level) of installed electricity production capacity in 2014; the EU goal of at least 10% for 2020, and 15% for 2030. [3] Alternative formulas for calculating interconnection levels are based on peak load instead of installed capacity. [10]
UK - Grain Netherlands - Maasvlakte 51°57′27″N 4°01′17″E / 51.95750°N 4.02139°E / 51.95750; 4.02139 ( HVDC Britned - Maasvlakte Static Inverter 245
The UK grid is connected to adjacent European electrical grids by submarine power cables. In 2014, the UK's electricity interconnection level (off-island transmission capacity relative to production capacity) was 6%. [44] As of 2024, the total capacity of these connectors is over 9 GW.
In December 2019, contracts were awarded for the UK onshore construction works. [12] In July 2020, Viking Link announced that work had started on the 475 mile (765 km) interconnector. [13] Construction commenced with the building of an access road at Bicker Fen. [14] In February 2021, Balfour Beatty started drilling work for the project. [15]
By 2019, the project had received all the most important marine and planning consents in the UK. Following detailed design work, it was hoped that the link will be constructed between 2019 and 2022. [16] The consortium hoped to make a final investment decision in 2020. [6]
The 51-kilometre (32-mile) DC cable runs via the Channel Tunnel between HVDC converter stations at Peuplingues in France and Folkestone in the UK, with an additional 14.5 km (9.0 mi) of underground AC cable on the English side to Sellindge substation, and 3.5 km (2.2 mi) on the French side to Les Mandarins substation, [3] to link the converter stations to the existing transmission networks.
Outside of the U.S., Interconnection or "Interconnect regimes" also take into account the associated commercial arrangements. As an example of the use of commercial arrangements, the focus by the EU has been on "encouraging" incumbents to offer bundles of network features that will enable competitors to provide services that compete directly with the incumbent.