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Water chlorination is the process of adding chlorine or chlorine compounds such as sodium hypochlorite to water. This method is used to kill bacteria, viruses and other microbes in water. This method is used to kill bacteria, viruses and other microbes in water.
When chlorine is inhaled at concentrations greater than 30 ppm, it reacts with water within the lungs, producing hydrochloric acid (HCl) and hypochlorous acid (HOCl). When used at specified levels for water disinfection, the reaction of chlorine with water is not a major concern for human health.
Out of the four stable halogens, only fluorine and chlorine have reduction potentials higher than that of oxygen, allowing them to form hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid directly through reaction with water. [17] The reaction of fluorine with water is especially hazardous, as an addition of fluorine gas to cold water will produce ...
One of the most important qualities of chlorine dioxide is its high water solubility, especially in cold water. Chlorine dioxide does not react with water; it remains a dissolved gas in solution. Chlorine dioxide is approximately 10 times more soluble in water than elemental chlorine [1] but its solubility is very temperature-dependent.
The sodium–mercury amalgam flows to the center cell, where it reacts with water to produce sodium hydroxide and regenerate the mercury. Mercury cell electrolysis, also known as the Castner–Kellner process, was the first method used at the end of the nineteenth century to produce chlorine on an industrial scale.
Heated sodium's reaction with halogens produces bright-orange flames. Sodium's reaction with chlorine is in the form of: 2Na + Cl 2 → 2NaCl [15] Iron reacts with fluorine, chlorine, and bromine to form iron(III) halides. These reactions are in the form of: 2Fe + 3X 2 → 2FeX 3 [15] However, when iron reacts with iodine, it forms only iron(II ...
Chloramination is the treatment of drinking water with a chloramine disinfectant. [1] Both chlorine and small amounts of ammonia are added to the water one at a time which react together to form chloramine (also called combined chlorine), a long lasting disinfectant. Chloramine disinfection is used in both small and large water treatment plants.
Salt water chlorination is a process that uses dissolved salt (1000–4000 ppm or 1–4 g/L) for the chlorination of swimming pools and hot tubs.The chlorine generator (also known as salt cell, salt generator, salt chlorinator, or SWG) uses electrolysis in the presence of dissolved salt to produce chlorine gas or its dissolved forms, hypochlorous acid and sodium hypochlorite, which are already ...
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