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Fasciotomy or fasciectomy is a surgical procedure where the fascia is cut to relieve tension or pressure in order to treat the resulting loss of circulation to an area of tissue or muscle. [1] Fasciotomy is a limb-saving procedure when used to treat acute compartment syndrome. It is also sometimes used to treat chronic compartment stress syndrome.
A study showed the fasciotomy rate for acute compartment syndrome ranges from 2% to 24%. [19] The key factor in acute compartment syndrome is the time to diagnosis and fasciotomy. [12] A missed or late diagnosis may require limb amputation to survive. [63] [13] After a fasciotomy, some symptoms may be permanent. [13]
A compartment space is anatomically determined by an unyielding fascial (and osseous) enclosure of the muscles.The anterior compartment syndrome of the lower leg (often referred to simply as anterior compartment syndrome), can affect any and all four muscles of that compartment: tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, and peroneus tertius.
Often, multiple incisions are made and left open until the swelling has reduced. At that point, the incisions are closed, often requiring debridement (removal of non-viable tissue) and skin grafting in the process. [23] The need for fasciotomy may be decreased if mannitol is used, as it can relieve muscle swelling directly. [25] [26]
The lower leg is divided into four compartments by the interosseous membrane of the leg, the anterior intermuscular septum, the transverse intermuscular septum and the posterior intermuscular septum. [1] Each compartment contains connective tissue, nerves and blood vessels.
Angiograms of a patient diagnosed with popliteal artery entrapment syndrome of the left lower extremity. Image A shows a neutral popliteal artery before provocative maneuvers. Images B and C show the obstruction (orange arrows) enhanced with provocative maneuvers of plantar flexion and dorsiflexion, respectively.
The lateral compartment of the leg is a fascial compartment of the lower leg. It contains muscles which make eversion and plantarflexion of the foot. Muscles
From 2016 to 2018 Stevens suffered from compartment syndrome in her lower left leg. In August 2018 she underwent a fasciotomy to correct the problem. [1] In Dubai at the 2019 World Para Athletics Championships, Steven set a new Oceania area record in the Women’s 100m T64, placing 5th in her heat, and placed 7th in the Women’s 200m T64 final ...