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Bitemporal hemianopsia. Bitemporal hemianopsia is the medical description of a type of partial blindness where vision is missing in the outer half of both the right and left visual field. It is usually associated with lesions of the optic chiasm, the area where the optic nerves from the right and left eyes cross near the pituitary gland.
Pituitary adenomas are tumors that occur in the pituitary gland. Most pituitary tumors are benign, approximately 35% are invasive and just 0.1% to 0.2% are carcinomas. [1] Pituitary adenomas represent from 10% to 25% of all intracranial neoplasms and the estimated prevalence rate in the general population is approximately 17%. [1] [2]
Craniopharyngioma is a rare, usually suprasellar [ 15] neoplasm, which may be cystic, that develops from nests of epithelium derived from Rathke's pouch. [ 16][ 17] Rathke's pouch is an embryonic precursor of the anterior pituitary. [citation needed] Craniopharyngiomas are typically very slow-growing tumors.
Nelson's syndrome is a disorder that occurs in about one in four patients who have had both adrenal glands removed to treat Cushing's disease. [1] In patients with pre-existing adrenocorticotropic hormone ()-secreting pituitary adenomas, loss of adrenal feedback following bilateral adrenalectomy can trigger the rapid growth of the tumor, leading to visual symptoms (e.g. bitemporal hemianopsia ...
Pituitary apoplexy is bleeding into or impaired blood supply of the pituitary gland. This usually occurs in the presence of a tumor of the pituitary, although in 80% of cases this has not been diagnosed previously. The most common initial symptom is a sudden headache, often associated with a rapidly worsening visual field defect or double ...
Prolactinoma. A prolactinoma is a tumor ( adenoma) of the pituitary gland that produces the hormone prolactin. It is the most common type of functioning pituitary tumor. [ 1] Symptoms of prolactinoma are due to abnormally high levels of prolactin in the blood ( hyperprolactinemia ), or due to pressure of the tumor on surrounding brain tissue ...
Specialty. Ophthalmology. A scotoma is an area of partial alteration in the field of vision consisting of a partially diminished or entirely degenerated visual acuity that is surrounded by a field of normal – or relatively well-preserved – vision . Every normal mammalian eye has a scotoma in its field of vision, usually termed its blind spot.
Beyond the physical complications that come with orthorexia, the eating disorder is also associated with mental and emotional challenges, including dealing with shame, guilt, fear, and social ...