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Voltage-gated ion channels have a crucial role in excitable cells such as neuronal and muscle tissues, allowing a rapid and co-ordinated depolarization in response to triggering voltage change. Found along the axon and at the synapse, voltage-gated ion channels directionally propagate electrical signals. Voltage-gated ion-channels are usually ...
Voltage-gated sodium channels ( VGSCs ), also known as voltage-dependent sodium channels ( VDSCs ), are a group of voltage-gated ion channels found in the membrane of excitable cells ( e.g., muscle, glial cells, neurons, etc.) with a permeability to the sodium ion Na +. They are the main channels involved in action potential of excitable cells.
Ion channels are located within the membrane of all excitable cells, [ 3] and of many intracellular organelles. They are often described as narrow, water-filled tunnels that allow only ions of a certain size and/or charge to pass through. This characteristic is called selective permeability.
The prototypic ligand-gated ion channel is the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. It consists of a pentamer of protein subunits (typically ααβγδ), with two binding sites for acetylcholine (one at the interface of each alpha subunit). When the acetylcholine binds it alters the receptor's configuration (twists the T2 helices which moves the ...
Transient receptor potential channel. Transient receptor potential channels ( TRP channels) are a group of ion channels located mostly on the plasma membrane of numerous animal cell types. Most of these are grouped into two broad groups: Group 1 includes TRPC ( "C" for canonical), TRPV ("V" for vanilloid ), TRPVL ("VL" for vanilloid-like), TRPM ...
Inward-rectifier potassium channels ( Kir, IRK) are a specific lipid-gated subset of potassium channels. To date, seven subfamilies have been identified in various mammalian cell types, [ 1] plants, [ 2] and bacteria. [ 3] They are activated by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate ( PIP 2 ).
Generally, G protein-gated ion channels are specific ion channels located in the plasma membrane of cells that are directly activated by a family of associated proteins. Ion channels allow for the selective movement of certain ions across the plasma membrane in cells. More specifically, in nerve cells, along with ion transporters, they are ...
SCN5A. Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha, also known as NaV1.5 is an integral membrane protein and tetrodotoxin -resistant voltage-gated sodium channel subunit. Na V 1.5 is found primarily in cardiac muscle, where it mediates the fast influx of Na + -ions (I Na) across the cell membrane, resulting in the fast depolarization phase of ...