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Crystallization. In chemistry, fractional crystallization is a stage-wise separation technique that relies on the liquid-solid phase change. It fractionates via differences in crystallization temperature and enables the purification of multi-component mixtures, as long as none of the constituents can act as solvents to the others.
Fractional distillation. Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts, or fractions. Chemical compounds are separated by heating them to a temperature at which one or more fractions of the mixture will vaporize. It uses distillation to fractionate.
A laboratory fractionating column is a piece of glassware used to separate vaporized mixtures of liquid compounds with close volatility. Most commonly used is either a Vigreux column or a straight column packed with glass beads or metal pieces such as Raschig rings. Fractionating columns help to separate the mixture by allowing the mixed vapors ...
Titration. A burette and Erlenmeyer flask (conical flask) being used for an acid–base titration. Titration (also known as titrimetry[ 1] and volumetric analysis) is a common laboratory method of quantitative chemical analysis to determine the concentration of an identified analyte (a substance to be analyzed).
Fractionation is a separation process in which a certain quantity of a mixture (of gasses, solids, liquids, enzymes, or isotopes, or a suspension) is divided during a phase transition, into a number of smaller quantities ( fractions) in which the composition varies according to a gradient. [ 1][ 2] Fractions are collected based on differences ...
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McCabe–Thiele method. The McCabe–Thiele method is a technique that is commonly employed in the field of chemical engineering to model the separation of two substances by a distillation column. [ 1][ 2][ 3] It uses the fact that the composition at each theoretical tray is completely determined by the mole fraction of one of the two components.
An Ohio law that limits gender-affirming health care for youth under 18 can go into effect, a county judge ruled Tuesday. The American Civil Liberties Union of Ohio said it will file an immediate ...