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Fritz Heider (19 February 1896 – 2 January 1988) [1] was an Austrian psychologist whose work was related to the Gestalt school. In 1958 he published The Psychology of Interpersonal Relations , which expanded upon his creations of balance theory and attribution theory .
Structural balance theory, proposed by the psychologist Fritz Heider in the 1940s, is a framework used to understand the dynamics of relationships within social networks. The theory focuses on the notion that individuals strive for consistency and harmony in their interpersonal relationships.
In the psychology of motivation, balance theory is a theory of attitude change, proposed by Fritz Heider. [1] [2] It conceptualizes the cognitive consistency motive as a drive toward psychological balance. The consistency motive is the urge to maintain one's values and beliefs over time.
Fritz Heider discovered Attribution theory during a time when psychologists were furthering research on personality, social psychology, and human motivation. [5] Heider worked alone in his research, but stated that he wished for Attribution theory not to be attributed to him because many different ideas and people were involved in the process. [5]
The tendency of a friend of a friend to become a friend was noted by Fritz Heider, [1] though he also considered the possibility that one of the friendships might breakdown, according to balance theory, which his view of human triangles is called. According to Heider, the friend of a friend contact could be stressful enough to undermine one or ...
In his work on attribution theory, Fritz Heider noted that in ambiguous situations, people make attributions based on their own wants and needs, which are therefore often skewed. [1] He also explained that this tendency was rooted in a need to maintain a positive self-concept, later termed the self-serving bias.
Triadic closure was made popular by Mark Granovetter in his 1973 article The Strength of Weak Ties. [4] There he synthesized the theory of cognitive balance first introduced by Fritz Heider in 1946 with a Simmelian understanding of social networks.
First proposed in 1958 by Fritz Heider in The Psychology of Interpersonal Relations, this theory holds that humans think and act with dispassionate rationality whilst engaging in detailed and nuanced thought processes for both complex and routine actions. [8]