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In mathematics, the eccentricity of a conic section is a non-negative real number that uniquely characterizes its shape. One can think of the eccentricity as a measure of how much a conic section deviates from being circular. In particular: The eccentricity of a circle is 0. The eccentricity of an ellipse which is not a circle is between 0 and 1.
The eccentricity of Earth's orbit is currently about 0.016 7; its orbit is nearly circular. Neptune's and Venus's have even lower eccentricities of 0.008 6 and 0.006 8 respectively, the latter being the least orbital eccentricity of any planet in the Solar System.
α - RA, right ascension, if the Greek letter does not appear, á letter will appear. δ - Dec, declination, if the Greek letter does not appear, ä letter will appear. P or P orb or T - orbital period; a - semi-major axis; b - semi-minor axis; q - periapsis, the minimum distance; Q - apoapsis, the maximum distance; e - eccentricity; i ...
orbital eccentricity A parameter that determines how much an orbit deviates from a perfect circle. For an elliptical orbit, the eccentricity ranges from greater than zero to less than one. orbital elements The set of parameters that uniquely define an orbit. A diagram showing four of the six canonical orbital elements.
eccentricity: unitless Euler's number (2.71828, base of the natural logarithm) unitless electron: unitless elementary charge: coulomb (C) force: newton (N) Faraday constant: coulombs per mole (C⋅mol −1) frequency: hertz (Hz) function: friction: newton (N) electrical conductance
Although the eccentricity is 1, this is not a parabolic orbit. Radial parabolic orbit: An open parabolic orbit where the object is moving at the escape velocity. Radial hyperbolic orbit: An open hyperbolic orbit where the object is moving at greater than the escape velocity. This is a hyperbolic orbit with semi-minor axis = 0 and eccentricity = 1.
Horizontal eccentricity, in vision, degrees of visual angle from the center of the eye; Eccentric contraction, the lengthening of muscle fibers; Eccentric position of a surveying tripod, to be able to measure hidden points; Eccentric training, the motion of an active muscle while it is lengthening under load; Eccentricity, a deviation from ...
Note that non-elliptic trajectories also exist, but are not closed, and are thus not orbits. If the eccentricity is greater than one, the trajectory is a hyperbola. If the eccentricity is equal to one, the trajectory is a parabola. Regardless of eccentricity, the orbit degenerates to a radial trajectory if the angular momentum equals zero.