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Computer-based forms of democratic economic planning and coordination between economic enterprises have also been proposed by various computer scientists and radical economists. [25] [7] [24] Proponents present decentralized and participatory economic planning as an alternative to market socialism for a post-capitalist society. [52]
The need for long-term economic planning to promote efficiency was a central component of Labour Party thinking until the 1970s. The Conservative Party largely agreed, producing the postwar consensus, namely the broad bipartisan agreement on major policies. [31] A long-term economic plan was a phrase often used in British politics.
An economic theory that defines wealth by the amount of precious metals owned. [48] business cycle. Also called the economic cycle or trade cycle. The downward and upward movement of gross domestic product (GDP) around its long-term growth trend. [49] The length of a business cycle is the period of time containing a single boom and contraction ...
In the history of economic thought, a school of economic thought is a group of economic thinkers who share or shared a mutual perspective on the way economies function. While economists do not always fit within particular schools, particularly in the modern era, classifying economists into schools of thought is common.
The central planning board (CPB) has three major functions in the Lange model: First it instructs firms to set price to equal marginal cost, secondly it adjusts prices to attain market-clearing prices for goods and services, and finally, it reinvests the economic profit derived from state enterprises into the economy based on a target rate of ...
Participatory economics, often abbreviated Parecon, is an economic system based on participatory decision making as the primary economic mechanism for allocation in society. In the system, the say in decision-making is proportional to the impact on a person or group of people.
the definition of economics [2] the scope of economics as defined by its methods [3] fundamental principles and operational significance of economic theory [4] methodological individualism versus holism in economics [5] the role of simplifying assumptions such as rational choice and profit maximizing in explaining or predicting phenomena [6]
Individualism and Economic Order is a book written by Friedrich Hayek. [1] [2] [3] It is a collection of essays originally published in the 1930s and 1940s, discussing topics ranging from moral philosophy to the methods of the social sciences and economic theory to contrast free markets with planned economies. [4]