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The first act of Muslim iconoclasm dates to the beginning of Islam, in 630, when the various statues of Arabian deities housed in the Kaaba in Mecca were destroyed. There is a tradition that Muhammad spared a fresco of Mary and Jesus. [55] This act was intended to bring an end to the idolatry which, in the Muslim view, characterized Jahiliyyah.
The First Iconoclasm, [1] as it is sometimes called, occurred between about 726 and 787, while the Second Iconoclasm occurred between 814 and 842. [2] According to the traditional view, Byzantine Iconoclasm was started by a ban on religious images promulgated by the Byzantine Emperor Leo III the Isaurian , [ 3 ] and continued under his ...
In 829, Theophilos became the sole emperor and began an intensification of iconoclasm with an edict in 832 forbidding the veneration of icons. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] After the death of Theophilos in January of 842, the empire was inherited by the infant Michael III and managed by his mother Theodora until 856.
Significant periods of iconoclasm (deliberate destruction of icons) have occurred in the history of the Church, the first major outbreak being the Byzantine iconoclasm (730-787), motivated by a strictly literal interpretation of the second commandment and interaction with Muslims who have a very strict teachings against the creation of images.
The usage of the icon was important to the celebration that occurs on the first Sunday of Lent as its main role is to celebrate the end of the iconoclasm in 843. [3] It also served the role of quelling the Byzantine people’s insecurity about the downfall of the Byzantine Empire. [2]
Print of the destruction in the Church of Our Lady in Antwerp, the "signature event" of the Beeldenstorm, 20 August 1566, by Frans Hogenberg [1]. Beeldenstorm (pronounced [ˈbeːldə(n)ˌstɔr(ə)m]) in Dutch and Bildersturm [ˈbɪldɐˌʃtʊʁm] in German (roughly translatable from both languages as 'attack on the images or statues') are terms used for outbreaks of destruction of religious ...
1957: Marvin Minsky, a professor at MIT, invents the confocal microscope, an optical imaging technique for increasing optical resolution and contrast of a micrograph by means of using a spatial pinhole to block out-of-focus light in image formation. This technology is a predecessor to today's widely used confocal laser scanning microscope.
People who engage in or support iconoclasm are called iconoclasts, a term that has come to be figuratively applied to any individual who challenges "cherished beliefs or venerated institutions on the grounds that they are erroneous or pernicious." [1