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a level of music examination ("Guitar grade 4"). Usually refers to ABRSM or Trinity College London examinations. (n. & v.) teacher's assessment of a student's work (UK also mark) level or year of a student in elementary, middle, or high school ("in 10th grade") (UK equiv.: year); hence grader, a student in a specified grade ("a 10th grader")
The technology is said to contribute in the emergence of the so-called emotional or emotive Internet. [7] The existing approaches in emotion recognition to classify certain emotion types can be generally classified into three main categories: knowledge-based techniques, statistical methods, and hybrid approaches. [8]
Literal language is the usage of words exactly according to their direct, straightforward, or conventionally accepted meanings: their denotation. Figurative (or non-literal ) language is the usage of words in a way that deviates from their conventionally accepted definitions in order to convey a more complex meaning or a heightened effect. [ 1 ]
Emotional prosody or affective prosody is the various paralinguistic aspects of language use that convey emotion. [1] It includes an individual's tone of voice in speech that is conveyed through changes in pitch , loudness , timbre , speech rate, and pauses .
Moral emotions include disgust, shame, pride, anger, guilt, compassion, and gratitude, [5] and help to provide people with the power and energy to do good and avoid doing bad. [4] Moral emotions are linked to a person's conscience - these are the emotions that make up a conscience and promote learning the difference between right and wrong ...
In interpersonal communication, an I-message or I-statement is an assertion about the feelings, beliefs, values, etc. of the person speaking, generally expressed as a sentence beginning with the word I, and is contrasted with a "you-message" or "you-statement", which often begins with the word you and focuses on the person spoken to.
The use of the term in psychology entered English with the translation from German ("Valenz") in 1935 of works of Kurt Lewin.The original German word suggests "binding", and is commonly used in a grammatical context to describe the ability of one word to semantically and syntactically link another, especially the ability of a verb to require a number of additional terms (e.g. subject and ...
That being said, not all English words have equivalents in all other languages and vice versa, indicating that there are words for emotions present in some languages but not in others. [29] Emotions such as the schadenfreude in German and saudade in Portuguese are commonly expressed in emotions in their respective languages, but lack an English ...