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A thermal bag to keep pizzas being delivered hot was invented by Ingrid Kosar in 1983, and is commonly used now. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] A cool box is very similar in concept, but typically larger and in the form of a rigid box.
Thiamine deficiency is a medical condition of low levels of thiamine (vitamin B 1). [1] A severe and chronic form is known as beriberi. [1] [7] The name beriberi was possibly borrowed in the 18th century from the Sinhalese phrase බැරි බැරි (bæri bæri, “I cannot, I cannot”), owing to the weakness caused by the condition.
A pot-in-pot refrigerator, clay pot cooler [1] or zeer (Arabic: زير) is an evaporative cooling refrigeration device which does not use electricity. It uses a porous outer clay pot (lined with wet sand) containing an inner pot (which can be glazed to prevent penetration by the liquid) within which the food is placed.
An ice pack Shipment of vaccine in insulated box with gel packs An ice pack or gel pack is a portable bag filled with water, refrigerant gel , or liquid, meant to provide cooling. They can be divided into the reusable type, which works as a thermal mass and requires freezing, or the instant type, which cools itself down using chemicals but can ...
The rapid evaporation to the moving air could keep the milk sufficiently cool. [2] Prior to the widespread usage of home refrigeration, iceboxes were used for the cool storage of food items. [5] The California cooler could be used to free up valuable space in the ice box by storing items that did not require as much refrigeration.
Food fortification is the addition of micronutrients (essential trace elements and vitamins) to food products. Food enrichment specifically means adding back nutrients lost during food processing, while fortification includes adding nutrients not naturally present. [1]
Common absorption refrigerators use a refrigerant with a very low boiling point (less than −18 °C (0 °F)) just like compressor refrigerators.Compression refrigerators typically use an HCFC or HFC, while absorption refrigerators typically use ammonia or water and need at least a second fluid able to absorb the coolant, the absorbent, respectively water (for ammonia) or brine (for water).
Einstein's and Szilárd's patent application Annotated patent drawing. The Einstein–Szilard or Einstein refrigerator is an absorption refrigerator which has no moving parts, operates at constant pressure, and requires only a heat source to operate.