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  2. Problem of other minds - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_of_other_minds

    [1] The problem is that knowledge of other minds is always indirect. The problem of other minds does not negatively impact social interactions due to people having a "theory of mind" – the ability to spontaneously infer the mental states of others – supported by innate mirror neurons, [2] a theory of mind mechanism, [3] or a tacit theory. [4]

  3. Other (philosophy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Other_(philosophy)

    The infinity of the Other allowed Lévinas to derive other aspects of philosophy and science as secondary to that ethic; thus: The others that obsess me in the Other do not affect me as examples of the same genus united with my neighbor, by resemblance or common nature, individuations of the human race, or chips off the old block. . . . The ...

  4. Two Concepts of Liberty - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two_Concepts_of_Liberty

    Berlin initially defined negative liberty as "freedom from", that is, the absence of constraints on the agent imposed by other people. He defined positive liberty both as "freedom to", that is, the ability (not just the opportunity) to pursue and achieve willed goals; and also as autonomy or self-rule, as opposed to dependence on others. [5]

  5. 1000-Word Philosophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1000-Word_Philosophy

    1000-Word Philosophy is an online philosophy anthology that publishes introductory 1000-word (or less) essays on philosophical topics. [1] The project was created in 2014 by Andrew D. Chapman , a philosophy lecturer at the University of Colorado, Boulder.

  6. Subject and object (philosophy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Subject_and_object_(philosophy)

    The distinction between subject and object is a basic idea of philosophy.. A subject is a being that exercises agency, undergoes conscious experiences, and is situated in relation to other things that exist outside itself; thus, a subject is any individual, person, or observer.

  7. A Defence of Common Sense - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Defence_of_Common_Sense

    "A defence of common sense" is a 1925 essay by philosopher G. E. Moore.In it, he attempts to refute absolute skepticism (or nihilism) by arguing that at least some of our established beliefs about the world are absolutely certain, so they can be legitimately called "facts".

  8. Abandonment (existentialism) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abandonment_(existentialism)

    Abandonment, in philosophy, refers to the infinite freedom of humanity without the existence of a condemning or omnipotent higher power.Original existentialism explores the liminal experiences of anxiety, death, "the nothing" and nihilism; the rejection of science (and above all, causal explanation) as an adequate framework for understanding human being; and the introduction of "authenticity ...

  9. Plato and a Platypus Walk Into a Bar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plato_and_a_Platypus_Walk...

    The book is split up into several chapters, each covering a different branch of philosophy, such as metaphysics or epistemology.Each chapter is structured through exploring a series of concepts related to the branch of philosophy, usually beginning with a description of the concept, a joke, and an explanation of the joke.