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In the United States, specialized courts, or specialty courts are courts that aim to rehabilitate generally non-violent and low-rate offenders by including specifically trained professionals pertaining to the field of specialty court.
In addition to the Supreme Court of the United States, United States Courts of Appeals, United States District Courts and United States Bankruptcy Courts, the federal courts system also includes courts referred to as the United States Courts of Special Jurisdiction.
The bulk of U.S. courts, however, are special courts, which include all courts of limited and specialized jurisdiction that are not courts of general jurisdiction or appellate courts. A special court generally addresses only one or a few areas of law or has only specifically defined powers.
Since the late 1980s, a new type of “special court” has emerged in the United States. These are problem solving courts that aim to provide treatment instead of punishment – attempting to reduce future contacts with the criminal justice system.
Learn how Specialized or Problem-Solving courts, including Drug Courts, Veterans Courts, and Mental Health Courts work to look in issues that may influence criminal behavior.