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Consumption can be fatal, or recovery can occur with permanent neurologic and ophthalmologic deficits. While the visual loss is not very common, increased intracranial pressure can cause bilateral optic disc swelling from cerebral edema. A clue to the cause of intoxication is the presence of oxalate crystals in the urine.
This may cause long-term changes in the structure and function of cerebral blood vessels. The brain's mechanism for maintaining constant blood flow despite changes in systemic blood pressure, known as cerebral autoregulation, can be impaired by sleep apnea. This impairment results in periods of both reduced and excessive cerebral blood flow ...
There is no cure, but pigmentary glaucoma can be managed with eye drops or treated with simple surgeries. If caught early and monitored, chances of glaucoma are greatly reduced. A 2016 Cochrane Review sought to determine the effectiveness of YAG laser iridotomy versus no laser iridotomy for pigment dispersion syndrome and pigmentary glaucoma ...
However, if the eyes are asymmetrically affected, i.e. one eye's optic nerve is more damaged than the other, it will produce an important sign called an afferent pupillary defect. [citation needed] Defective light perception in one eye causes an asymmetrical pupillary constriction reflex called the afferent pupillary defect (APD). [citation needed]
Ocular ischemic syndrome is the constellation of ocular signs and symptoms secondary to severe, chronic arterial hypoperfusion to the eye. [1] Amaurosis fugax is a form of acute vision loss caused by reduced blood flow to the eye; it may be a warning sign of an impending stroke, as both stroke and retinal artery occlusion can be caused by thromboembolism due to atherosclerosis elsewhere in the ...
Hypotony may occur either due to decreased production of aqueous humor or due to increased outflow. Hypotony has many causes including post-surgical wound leak from the eye, chronic inflammation within the eye including iridocyclitis, hypoperfusion, tractional ciliary body detachment or retinal detachment. [5]
Sudden visual loss is the most common symptom in AAION, [1] and is most often accompanied by other symptoms of temporal arteritis: such as jaw claudication, scalp tenderness, unintentional weight loss, fatigue, myalgias and loss of appetite. [1] A related disease called polymyalgia rheumatica has a 15 percent incidence of giant cell arteritis.
Glaucoma may cause vision loss if left untreated. It has been called the "silent thief of sight" because the loss of vision usually occurs slowly over a long period of time. [5] A major risk factor for glaucoma is increased pressure within the eye, known as intraocular pressure (IOP). [1]