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  2. Migrationism and diffusionism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Migrationism_and_diffusionism

    Migrationism explains cultural change in terms of human migration, while diffusionism relies on explanations based on trans-cultural diffusion of ideas rather than populations (pots, not people [1]). Western archaeology the first half of the 20th century relied on the assumption of migration and invasion as driving cultural change.

  3. Manfred Max-Neef's Fundamental human needs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manfred_Max-Neef's...

    Human Scale Development is basically community development and is "focused and based on the satisfaction of fundamental human needs, on the generation of growing levels of self-reliance, and on the construction of organic articulations of people with nature and technology, of global processes with local activity, of the personal with the social, of planning with autonomy and of civil society ...

  4. Cultural diffusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_diffusion

    Expansion diffusion: an innovation or idea that develops in a source area and remains strong there, while also spreading outward to other areas. This can include hierarchical, stimulus, and contagious diffusion. Relocation diffusion: an idea or innovation that migrates into new areas, leaving behind its origin or source of the cultural trait.

  5. Multiregional origin of modern humans - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiregional_origin_of...

    The finding that "Mitochondrial Eve" was relatively recent and African seemed to give the upper hand to the proponents of the Out of Africa hypothesis.But in 2002, Alan Templeton published a genetic analysis involving other loci in the genome as well, and this showed that some variants that are present in modern populations existed already in Asia hundreds of thousands of years ago. [31]

  6. Sociological theory of diffusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociological_theory_of...

    In such a model, nodes represent agents (e.g. companies or organizations) and ties represent a connection between two entities (e.g. a company-client relationship or competitive relationship). Diffusion occurs when a novel idea, product, or process is implemented by an agent and permeates through these ties to others. [8]

  7. Ecological systems theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_systems_theory

    Ecological systems theory is a broad term used to capture the theoretical contributions of developmental psychologist Urie Bronfenbrenner. [1] Bronfenbrenner developed the foundations of the theory throughout his career, [2] published a major statement of the theory in American Psychologist, [3] articulated it in a series of propositions and hypotheses in his most cited book, The Ecology of ...

  8. Developmental stage theories - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_stage_theories

    The development of the human mind is complex and a debated subject, and may take place in a continuous or discontinuous fashion. [4] Continuous development, like the height of a child, is measurable and quantitative, while discontinuous development is qualitative, like hair or skin color, where those traits fall only under a few specific phenotypes. [5]

  9. Sociocultural evolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociocultural_evolution

    A developmental model of the evolution of the mind, culture, and society was the result, paralleling the evolution of the human species: [23] "Modern savages [sic] became, in effect, living fossils left behind by the march of progress, relics of the Paleolithic still lingering on into the present."