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The following chapters investigate the biological background of autism and how historically it was claimed to be either the result of direct brain damage or poor parenting and how the practice of diagnostic classification, or nosology, negatively impacted the understanding of children with autism and others on the spectrum.
The assumption that autism is a homogenous condition underpinned by a ToM deficit, genetics, neurological abnormalities, or a 'failure of understanding' as implied by the mind-blindness hypothesis was questioned shortly after its publication. [10] This contrasts with autism as heterogeneous. [11]
The theory of the double empathy problem is a psychological and sociological theory first coined in 2012 by Damian Milton, an autistic autism researcher. [2] This theory proposes that many of the difficulties autistic individuals face when socializing with non-autistic individuals are due, in part, to a lack of mutual understanding between the two groups, meaning that most autistic people ...
The theory of the double empathy problem argues that autistic people do not inherently lack empathy as often supposed by people who see autism as pathological, but most autistic people may struggle in understanding and empathizing for non-autistic people whereas most non-autistic people also lack understanding and empathy for autistic people.
Different information filtering mechanism in autistic people may be due to difference in cognitive components. a hypothetical radar plot of spikey cognitive profile. Similar details can be found in Nancy Doyle's paper Neurodiversity at work: a biopsychosocial model and the impact on working adults. .
https://autismfriendlycharter.org.au/ The Autism Friendly Charter is a free online learning platform and inclusive business directory that was developed in partnership with individuals on the autism spectrum and their families to assist businesses, organisations and venues to build understanding, awareness, inclusivity and capacity of the ...
The Transporters is a 2006 children's animation series produced by Catalyst Pictures Limited designed to help children with autism aged between 2 and 8 years old recognise and understand emotions. It was developed by the Autism Research Centre at the University of Cambridge by a team led by Professor Simon Baron-Cohen and including Dr Ofer Golan.
In 2006, the MIND Institute launched its Autism Phenome Project, with the objective of identifying biological and behavioral patterns in order to define distinct autism spectrum subtypes. According to Amaral, "The tremendous variation in autism leads us to believe that it is a group of disorders rather than a single one." [9]