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Behavior modification is a treatment approach that uses respondent and operant conditioning to change behavior. Based on methodological behaviorism, [1] overt behavior is modified with (antecedent) stimulus control and consequences, including positive and negative reinforcement contingencies to increase desirable behavior, as well as positive and negative punishment, and extinction to reduce ...
Psychology textbooks present a similar view, stating that sublimation is "translating a distressing desire into an acceptable form." [ 2 ] It occurs when displacement involves "the transformation of sexual or aggressive energies into culturally acceptable, even admirable, behaviors," [ 3 ] and "serves a higher cultural or socially useful ...
Whether the focus be on social psychology or cognitive psychology, there are many examples of dual process theories produced throughout the past. The following just show a glimpse into the variety that can be found. [citation needed] Peter Wason and Jonathan St B. T. Evans suggested dual process theory in 1974. [4]
In psychology, intellectualization (intellectualisation) is a defense mechanism by which reasoning is used to block confrontation with an unconscious conflict and its associated emotional stress – where thinking is used to avoid feeling. [1] It involves emotionally removing one's self from a stressful event.
In contrast to the dominant theories of morality in psychology at the time, the anthropologist Richard Shweder developed a set of theories emphasizing the cultural variability of moral judgments, but argued that different cultural forms of morality drew on "three distinct but coherent clusters of moral concerns", which he labeled as the ethics ...
Transamidation is a chemical reaction in which an amide reacts with an amine to generate a new amide: RC(O)NR' 2 + HNR" 2 → RC(O)NR" 2 + HNR' 2. The reaction is typically very slow, but it can be accelerated with Lewis acid [1] and organometallic catalysts. [2] Primary amides (RC(O)NH 2) are more amenable to this reaction.
Transamination is mediated by several types of aminotransferase enzymes. An aminotransferase may be specific for an individual amino acid, or it may be able to process any member of a group of similar ones, for example the branched-chain amino acids, which comprises valine, isoleucine, and leucine.
The dual process theory is often given an evolutionary rationale (in this basic sense, the theory is an example of evolutionary psychology). In pre-Darwinian thinking, such as Hume's 'Treatise of Human Nature' we find speculations about the origins of morality as deriving from natural phenomena common to all humans. For instance, he mentions ...