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Thurgood [a] Marshall was born on July 2, 1908, in Baltimore, Maryland, to Norma and William Canfield Marshall. [ 2 ] : 30, 35 His father held various jobs as a waiter in hotels, in clubs, and on railroad cars, and his mother was an elementary school teacher.
Marshall obtained acquittals for 23 of the black defendants, even with an all-white jury. [ 1 ] : 8 Marshall and two Tennessee attorneys required an escort to leave the county safely. [ 2 ] At the last murder trials in November 1946, Marshall also won acquittal for Rooster Bill Pillow, and a reduction in the sentence of Papa Kennedy, allowing ...
Many of the justices personally believe segregation is morally unacceptable, but have difficulty justifying the idea legally under the 14th Amendment. Marshall and Davis argue their respective cases. Marshall argues the equal protection clause extends far enough to the states to prohibit segregated schools.
Thurgood Marshall of the NAACP was co-counsel; he later was appointed as a US Supreme Court justice. [3] Hastie and Marshall used an innovative strategy to brief and argue the case. Instead of relying upon the Equal Protection clause of the 14th Amendment , they argued successfully that segregation on interstate travel violated the Interstate ...
Spottswood Robinson and Thurgood Marshall argued the case for the plaintiffs, and former Solicitor General and presidential candidate John W. Davis led the argument for the defense. Following the Brown decision, the lower court complied with the mandate issued by the Supreme Court and declared the South Carolina school segregation law to be ...
In 1960, U.S. marshals were needed to escort Ruby Bridges to and from school in New Orleans, Louisiana, as she broke the State of Louisiana's segregation rules. School segregation in the United States was the segregation of students in educational facilities based on their race and ethnicity. While not prohibited from having or attending ...
The civil rights movement (1896–1954) was a long, primarily nonviolent action to bring full civil rights and equality under the law to all Americans. The era has had a lasting impact on American society – in its tactics, the increased social and legal acceptance of civil rights, and in its exposure of the prevalence and cost of racism.
Charles Hamilton Houston (September 3, 1895 – April 22, 1950) [1] was an American lawyer. He was the dean of Howard University Law School and NAACP first special counsel. A graduate of Amherst College and Harvard Law School, Houston played a significant role in dismantling Jim Crow laws, especially attacking segregation in schools and racial housing covenants.