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France's independent court system enjoys special statutory protection from the executive branch. Procedures for the appointment, promotion, and removal of judges vary depending on whether it is for the ordinary ("judiciaire") or the administrative stream. Judicial appointments in the judicial stream must be approved by a special panel, the High ...
Organization of the French judiciary for criminal matters. There are two categories of criminal jurisdiction: investigation ( French : instruction ) and judgement ( jugement ). This distinction is echoed by the French code of criminal procedure ( Code de procédure pénale ), which nevertheless does not define how to distinguish the one from ...
Courts of Appeal in the French judiciary. Procedure (simplified) of an appeal and of an appeal en cassation. The court of appeal recognizes appeals of matters previously brought before the relevant tribunals, (du ressort), both civil and penal: [16] tribunal d'instance. police tribunals; tribunal de grande instance. juge d'instruction
These ordinary courts mainly deals with civil and criminal cases, and are composed of judges called 'magistrates (French: Magistrat)' educated from French National School for the Judiciary, while judges composing administrative court and constitutional court are usually not trained in French National School for the Judiciary.
In France, a cour d'assises, or Court of Assizes or Assize Court, is a criminal trial court with original and appellate limited jurisdiction to hear cases involving defendants accused of felonies, meaning crimes as defined in French law. It is the only French court that uses a jury trial. [1] [2]
In French criminal law, the investigation phase (instruction) in a criminal proceeding is the procedure during which an investigating judge (juge d'instruction) gathers evidence on the commission of an offense and decides whether to refer the persons charged to the trial court. The investigating judge is the first instance of investigation.
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French criminal code - distinguish from French code of criminal procedure; Court of Appeals - in common law jurisdictions; does not apply in France - See Court of Appeal (France) for appeals under French law; Court of Appeal (France) - differs considerably from common law jurisdictions - See Court of Appeals for appeals in common law; Cour d'assise