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Animal fibers are natural fibers that consist largely of certain proteins. Examples include silk, hair/fur (including wool) and feathers. The animal fibers used most commonly both in the manufacturing world as well as by the hand spinners are wool from domestic sheep and silk. Also very popular are alpaca fiber and mohair from Angora goats.
A wool with an average fiber length of 2–4 cm is obtained every other year. The weight of shorn wool hairs per animal is about 250 g every two years [9] to 450 g, [1] after removal of unwanted guard hairs from the down hair. [1] Before processing, the down hair is separated from the guard hair by sorting.
It was the main fiber spun on the Northern American continent before the Spaniards introduced sheep. [4] Sometimes dog hair is blended with wool during the carding process to make yarn. This blend has some give to it, which is preferable when knitting. It may also be blended with sheep wool in order to create a yarn with less heat insulation.
Raw – fiber that has not been processed and is essentially straight from the animal; Processed – fiber that has been through the processes of de-hairing, washing, carding, and is ready either to spin or to knit/crochet/weave; Virgin – new fiber made into yarns, fabrics or garments for the first time
Huacaya fiber grows and looks similar to sheep wool in that the animal looks "fluffy". The second type of alpaca is Suri and makes up less than 10% of the South American alpaca population. Suri fiber is more similar to natural silk and hangs off the body in locks that have a dreadlock appearance. [1]
The Spinner by William-Adolphe Bouguereau shows a woman hand-spinning using a drop spindle.Fibers to be spun are bound to a distaff held in her left hand.. Spinning is an ancient textile art in which plant, animal or synthetic fibres are drawn out and twisted together to form yarn.
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