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Anecdotal evidence (or anecdata [1]) is evidence based on descriptions and reports of individual, personal experiences, or observations, [2] [3] collected in a non-systematic manner. [4] The term anecdotal encompasses a variety of forms of evidence.
In the philosophy of mind, the phrase often refers to knowledge that can only be acquired through experience, such as, for example, the knowledge of what it is like to see colours, which could not be explained to someone born blind: the necessity of experiential knowledge becomes clear if one was asked to explain to a blind person a colour like blue.
Social cognitive theory revolves around the process of knowledge acquisition or learning directly correlated to the observation of models. The models can be those of an interpersonal imitation or media sources. Effective modeling teaches general rules and strategies for dealing with different situations. [24]
Empiricism, often used by natural scientists, believes that "knowledge is based on experience" and that "knowledge is tentative and probabilistic, subject to continued revision and falsification". [6] Empirical research, including experiments and validated measurement tools, guides the scientific method.
Introspection is closely related to human self-reflection and self-discovery and is contrasted with external observation. It generally provides a privileged access to one's own mental states, [3] not mediated by other sources of knowledge, so that individual experience of the mind is unique. Introspection can determine any number of mental ...
In doing so they learn to value observation and the skill-building it affords them because of the value it holds within their community. [5] This type of observation is not passive, but reflects the child's intent to participate or learn within a community. [4] Observational learning can be seen taking place in many domains of Indigenous ...
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It is also a way of gaining knowledge by means of direct and indirect observation or experience. Empiricism values some research more than other kinds. Empirical evidence (the record of one's direct observations or experiences) can be analyzed quantitatively or qualitatively .