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Both pharmacology and toxicology are scientific disciplines that focus on understanding the properties and actions of chemicals. [23] However, pharmacology emphasizes the therapeutic effects of chemicals, usually drugs or compounds that could become drugs, whereas toxicology is the study of chemical's adverse effects and risk assessment. [23]
Drug nomenclature is the systematic naming of drugs, especially pharmaceutical drugs.In the majority of circumstances, drugs have 3 types of names: chemical names, the most important of which is the IUPAC name; generic or nonproprietary names, the most important of which are international nonproprietary names (INNs); and trade names, which are brand names. [1]
A drug class is a group of medications and other compounds that share similar chemical structures, act through the same mechanism of action (i.e., binding to the same biological target), have similar modes of action, and/or are used to treat similar diseases.
take (often effectively a noun meaning "prescription"—medical prescription or prescription drug) rep. repetatur: let it be repeated s. signa: write (write on the label) s.a. secundum artem: according to the art (accepted practice or best practice) SC subcutaneous "SC" can be mistaken for "SL," meaning sublingual. See also SQ: sem. semen seed
In pharmacology and toxicology, a route of administration is the way by which a drug, fluid, poison, or other substance is taken into the body. [ 1 ] Routes of administration are generally classified by the location at which the substance is applied.
A medication (also called medicament, medicine, pharmaceutical drug, medicinal drug or simply drug) is a drug used to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent disease. [1] [2] Drug therapy (pharmacotherapy) is an important part of the medical field and relies on the science of pharmacology for continual advancement and on pharmacy for appropriate ...
As the evidence and consensus for use of the drug increases and strengthens, its class of indication is improved. [6] Preferred drugs (and other treatments) are also referred to a "first line" or "primary" while others are called "second line", "third line" etc. [7] [8] A drug may be indicated as an "adjunct" or "adjuvant", added to a first ...
The Top 100 Drugs: Clinical Pharmacology and Practical Prescribing is a pocket-size medical manual focusing on the most commonly prescribed medicines by the British National Health Service (NHS). It was first published by Churchill Livingstone , Elsevier , in 2014, revised in a second edition in 2018, and again in 2022 in a third edition.
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