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The safety factor, labeled q or q(r), is the ratio of the times a particular magnetic field line travels around a toroidal confinement area's "long way" (toroidally) to the "short way" (poloidally). The term "safety" refers to the resulting stability of the plasma; plasmas that rotate around the torus poloidally about the same number of times ...
An often cited description of the sawtooth relaxation is that by Kadomtsev. [2] The Kadomtsev model uses a resistive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) description of the plasma. If the amplitude of the current density in the plasma core is high enough so that the central safety factor is below unity, a = linear eigenmode will be unstable, where is the poloidal mode number.
While the tokamak addresses the issue of plasma stability in a gross sense, plasmas are also subject to a number of dynamic instabilities. One of these, the kink instability, is strongly suppressed by the tokamak layout, a side-effect of the high safety factors of tokamaks. The lack of kinks allowed the tokamak to operate at much higher ...
A spherical tokamak is a type of fusion power device based on the tokamak principle. It is notable for its very narrow profile, or aspect ratio. A traditional tokamak has a toroidal confinement area that gives it an overall shape similar to a donut, complete with a large hole in the middle. The spherical tokamak reduces the size of the hole as ...
A typical plasma in the MAST spherical tokamak machine at the Culham Centre for Fusion Energy in the UK.. Magnetic confinement fusion (MCF) is an approach to generate thermonuclear fusion power that uses magnetic fields to confine fusion fuel in the form of a plasma.
The plasma collisionality is defined as [4] [5] =, where denotes the electron-ion collision frequency, is the major radius of the plasma, is the inverse aspect-ratio, and is the safety factor. The plasma parameters m i {\displaystyle m_{\mathrm {i} }} and T i {\displaystyle T_{\mathrm {i} }} denote, respectively, the mass and temperature of the ...
The Enormous Toroidal Plasma Device (ETPD) is an experimental physics device housed at the Basic Plasma Science Facility at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).It previously operated as the Electric Tokamak (ET) between 1999 and 2006 and was noted for being the world's largest tokamak [1] before being decommissioned due to the lack of support and funding. [2]
As of 2023 the device is known as JT-60SA and is the largest operational superconducting tokamak in the world, [1] built and operated jointly by the European Union and Japan in Naka, Ibaraki Prefecture. [2] [3] SA stands for super advanced tokamak, including a D-shaped plasma cross-section, superconducting coils, and active feedback control.