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Under the influence of Greek culture, Mars was identified with Ares, [135] but the character and dignity of the two deities differed fundamentally. [136] [137] Mars was represented as a means to secure peace, and he was a father (pater) of the Roman people. [138] In one tradition, he fathered Romulus and Remus through his rape of Rhea Silvia.
Mars Corotiacus is an equestrian Mars attested only on a votive from Martlesham in Suffolk. [168] A bronze statuette depicts him as a cavalryman, armed and riding a horse which tramples a prostrate enemy beneath its hooves. [169] Mars Lenus, or more often Lenus Mars, had a major healing cult at the capital of the Treveri (present-day Trier).
The Ludovisi Ares is an Antonine Roman marble sculpture of Ares, a fine 2nd-century copy of a late 4th-century BCE Greek original, associated with Scopas or Lysippus: [1] thus the Roman god of war receives his Greek name, Ares. Ares/Mars is portrayed as young and beardless and seated on a trophy of arms, while an Eros plays about his feet ...
Mars was the Roman equivalent to Ares. In modern Greek, the planet retains its ancient name Ares (Aris: Άρης). [96] From the surface of Mars, the motions of Phobos and Deimos appear different from that of the Earth's satellite, the Moon. Phobos rises in the west, sets in the east, and rises again in just 11 hours.
Mars in Roman mythology was the God of War and patron of warriors. This symbol is also used in biology to describe the male sex, and in alchemy to symbolise the element iron which was considered to be dominated by Mars whose characteristic red colour is coincidentally due to iron oxide. [16] ♂ occupies Unicode position U+2642.
According to one account, she is the daughter of Ares and Aphrodite. [1] By another account, Harmonia was from Samothrace and was the daughter of Zeus and Electra, her brothers were Dardanus and Iasion being the founder of the mystic rites celebrated on the island. [2] [3] Almost always, Harmonia is married to Cadmus.
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In English, the planet Mars is named after Mars, the Roman god of war, [1] an association made because of its red color, which suggests blood. [2] The adjectival form of Latin Mars is Martius, [3] from which the English word Martian derives, used as an adjective or for a putative inhabitant of Mars, and Martial, used as an adjective corresponding to Terrestrial for Earth. [4]