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Pectus carinatum is an overgrowth of costal cartilage causing the sternum to protrude forward. It primarily occurs among four different patient groups, and males are more frequently affected than females. Most commonly, pectus carinatum develops in 11-to-14-year-old pubertal males undergoing a growth spurt. Some parents report that their child ...
Besides affecting height and limb proportions, people with Marfan syndrome may have abnormal lateral curvature of the spine scoliosis, thoracic lordosis, abnormal indentation (pectus excavatum) or protrusion (pectus carinatum) of the sternum, abnormal joint flexibility, a high-arched palate with crowded teeth and an overbite, flat feet, hammer ...
Guizar-Vasquez-Sanchez-Manzano syndrome is an extremely rare genetic and congenital disorder that is characterized by facial dysmorphisms (more specifically, chubby cheeks, mild frontal bossing, a beaked nose with an accompanying low nasal bridge, malar hypoplasia, peculiar philtrums and upper lips), pectus carinatum, and joint hypermobility.
Pectus excavatum is a structural deformity of the anterior thoracic wall in which the sternum and rib cage are shaped abnormally. This produces a caved-in or sunken appearance of the chest. It can either be present at birth or develop after puberty. Pectus excavatum can impair cardiac and respiratory function and cause pain in the chest and back.
Additional factors may present in the form of winging of the scapula, scoliosis, breast bone prominence (pectus carinatum), breast bone depression (pectus excavatum). Muscle abnormalities may present as hypotonia (low muscle tone), which may lead to lordosis (increased hollow in the back) due to poor abdominal muscle tone.
Cenani–Lenz syndactylism is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. [1] This means the defective gene responsible for the disorder is located on an autosome, and two copies of the defective gene (one inherited from each parent) are required in order to be born with the disorder.
Tethered cord syndrome (TCS) refers to a group of neurological disorders that relate to malformations of the spinal cord. [1] Various forms include tight filum terminale, lipomeningomyelocele, split cord malformations (diastematomyelia), occult, dermal sinus tracts, and dermoids.
[1] [2] He also pioneered a new surgical procedure for correction of the chest wall deformities pectus excavatum and pectus carinatum, which became known as the Ravitch procedure. [1] Ravitch moved to New York City in 1952 as a professor of surgery at Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons and as the director of surgery at Mount Sinai ...