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Saqqara (Arabic: سقارة : saqqāra[t], Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [sɑʔːɑːɾɑ]), also spelled Sakkara or Saccara in English / s ə ˈ k ɑːr ə /, is an Egyptian village in the markaz (county) of Badrashin in the Giza Governorate, [1] that contains ancient burial grounds of Egyptian royalty, serving as the necropolis for the ancient Egyptian capital, Memphis. [2]
The Serapeum of Saqqara was the ancient Egyptian burial place for sacred bulls of the Apis cult at Memphis.It was believed that the bulls were incarnations of the god Ptah, which would become immortal after death as Osiris-Apis, a name which evolved to Serapis (Σέραπις) in the Hellenistic period, and Userhapi (ⲟⲩⲥⲉⲣϩⲁⲡⲓ) in Coptic.
Gisr el-Mudir (Great Enclosure, red) on the map of Saqqara. Gisr el-Mudir (Arabic:جسر المدير, "bridge of the chief"), also known as the Great Enclosure, is one of the oldest known stone structures in Egypt, located at Saqqara only a few hundred metres west of the Step Pyramid and the Buried Pyramid. The function of the space is not yet ...
The crowning feature of the complex is the Step Pyramid which rises from the Saqqara plateau in six steps [19] [20] to a height between 60 m (200 ft; 110 cu) [21] and 62.5 m (205 ft; 119.3 cu). [2] This element was revised repeatedly in construction, going through a series of developmental phases that culminated in its step pyramidal form.
The Mastaba of Ti is one of the most important archaeological sites of Saqqara. The mastaba was discovered by Auguste Mariette. [1] The mastaba contains two serdabs. [2] The walls of the tomb show various scenes of everyday life. Ti (also spelled Ty) was a senior official and royal architect in the Fifth Dynasty who served under several kings. [3]
The Serapeum of Saqqara is located north west of the Pyramid of Djoser at Saqqara, a necropolis near Memphis in Lower Egypt. It was a burial place of the Apis, sacred bulls that were incarnations of Ptah. It was believed that the bulls became immortal after death as Osiris-Apis, a name shortened to Serapis in the Hellenic period.
The Saqqara Tablet, now in the Egyptian Museum, is an ancient stone engraving surviving from the Ramesside Period of Egypt which features a list of pharaohs. It was found in 1861 in Saqqara , in the tomb of Tjuneroy (or Tjenry), an official ("chief lector priest" and "Overseer of Works on All Royal Monuments") of the pharaoh Ramesses II .
The Southern South Saqqara Pyramid [1] (also Unfinished Pyramid at South Saqqara; [2] Lepsius XLVI; SAK S 6 [3]) is an ancient Egyptian royal tomb which was built during the 13th Dynasty in South Saqqara, and is renowned for having the most elaborate hypogeum since the late 12th Dynasty pyramids. [2]