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Component-based software engineering (CBSE), also called component-based development (CBD), is a style of software engineering that aims to construct a software system from components that are loosely-coupled and reusable. This emphasizes the separation of concerns among components. [1] [2]
Low-level design (LLD) is a component-level design process that follows a step-by-step refinement process. This process can be used for designing data structures , required software architecture , source code and ultimately, performance algorithms .
Software design patterns offer the finest granularity compared to software architecture patterns and software architecture styles, as design patterns focus on solving detailed, low-level design problems within individual components or subsystems. Examples include Singleton, Factory Method, and Observer. [2] [3] [4]
Software design usually is directed by goals for the resulting system and involves problem-solving and planning – including both high-level software architecture and low-level component and algorithm design. In terms of the waterfall development process, software design is the activity of following requirements specification and before coding ...
Documenting software architecture facilitates communication between stakeholders, captures early decisions about the high-level design, and allows the reuse of design components between projects. [5]: 29–35 Software architecture design is commonly juxtaposed with software application design.
An example of interdependent components modeling a reservation system in UML. Component design is often modeled visually. In Unified Modeling Language (UML) 2.0 a component is shown as a rectangle, and an interface is shown as a lollipop to indicate a provided interface and as a socket to indicate consumption of an interface.
In software engineering, coupling is the degree of interdependence between software modules, a measure of how closely connected two routines or modules are, [1] and the strength of the relationships between modules. [2] Coupling is not binary but multi-dimensional. [3] Coupling and cohesion. Coupling is usually contrasted with cohesion.
A functional specification (also, functional spec, specs, functional specifications document (FSD), functional requirements specification) in systems engineering and software development is a document that specifies the functions that a system or component must perform (often part of a requirements specification) (ISO/IEC/IEEE 24765-2010).