Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Higher-order programming is a style of computer programming that uses software components, like functions, modules or objects, as values. It is usually instantiated with, or borrowed from, models of computation such as lambda calculus which make heavy use of higher-order functions. A programming language can be considered higher-order if ...
Folds can be regarded as consistently replacing the structural components of a data structure with functions and values. Lists, for example, are built up in many functional languages from two primitives: any list is either an empty list, commonly called nil ([]), or is constructed by prefixing an element in front of another list, creating what is called a cons node ( Cons(X1,Cons(X2,Cons ...
In mathematics and computer science, a higher-order function (HOF) is a function that does at least one of the following: takes one or more functions as arguments (i.e. a procedural parameter, which is a parameter of a procedure that is itself a procedure), returns a function or value as its result. All other functions are first-order functions.
The Bellman equation is classified as a functional equation, because solving it means finding the unknown function , which is the value function. Recall that the value function describes the best possible value of the objective, as a function of the state . By calculating the value function, we will also find the function () that describes the ...
evaluates to the list 2, 4, …, 10 by applying the predicate even to every element of the list of integers 1, 2, …, 10 in that order and creating a new list of those elements for which the predicate returns the Boolean value true, thereby giving a list containing only the even members of that list. Conversely, the code example
The function f is variously called an objective function, criterion function, loss function, cost function (minimization), [8] utility function or fitness function (maximization), or, in certain fields, an energy function or energy functional. A feasible solution that minimizes (or maximizes) the objective function is called an optimal solution.
More generally, there are d! possible orders for a given array, one for each permutation of dimensions (with row-major and column-order just 2 special cases), although the lists of stride values are not necessarily permutations of each other, e.g., in the 2-by-3 example above, the strides are (3,1) for row-major and (1,2) for column-major.
Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet editor developed by Microsoft for Windows, macOS, Android, iOS and iPadOS.It features calculation or computation capabilities, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications (VBA).