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Command Prompt, also known as cmd.exe or cmd, is the default command-line interpreter for the OS/2, [1] eComStation, ArcaOS, Microsoft Windows (Windows NT family and Windows CE family), and ReactOS [2] operating systems.
In computing, dir (directory) is a command in various computer operating systems used for computer file and directory listing. [1] It is one of the basic commands to help navigate the file system . The command is usually implemented as an internal command in the command-line interpreter ( shell ).
Some commands are built into the command interpreter; others exist as external commands on disk. Over multiple generations, commands were added for additional functions. In Microsoft Windows, a command prompt window that uses many of the same commands, cmd.exe, can still be used.
Microsoft released a version of cmd.exe for Windows 9x and ME called WIN95CMD to allow users of older versions of Windows to use certain cmd.exe-style batch files. As of Windows 8, cmd.exe is the normal command interpreter for batch files; the older COMMAND.COM can be run as well in 32-bit versions of Windows able to run 16-bit programs.
Also, a major portion of the utility commands packaged with MS-DOS 1.0 came from IBM and their command line syntax used the slash character as a 'switch' prefix. For example, dir /w runs the dir command with the wide list format option. This use of slash can still be found in the command interface under Microsoft Windows.
In most computer file systems, every directory has an entry (usually named ".") which points to the directory itself.In most DOS and UNIX command shells, as well as in the Microsoft Windows command line interpreters cmd.exe and Windows PowerShell, the working directory can be changed by using the CD or CHDIR commands.
Most DOS/Windows commands will match files with no extension even when given a *.* pattern. /S (none) Selects matching files in subdirectories. By default, only the single, specified directory is searched. /C command Execute the given command for each matching file. The command string typically needs to be wrapped in double quotes.
COMMAND.COM is the default command-line interpreter for MS-DOS, Windows 95, Windows 98 and Windows Me.In the case of DOS, it is the default user interface as well. [2] It has an additional role as the usual first program run after boot (init process), hence being responsible for setting up the system by running the AUTOEXEC.BAT configuration file, and being the ancestor of all processes.