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It is uncertain when Bristol blue glass was first made but the quality and beauty of the glass swiftly gained popularity, with seventeen glass houses being set up in the city. [3] Lazarus and Isaac Jacobs were the most famous makers of Bristol blue glass in the 1780s. Lazarus Jacobs was a Jewish immigrant to Bristol from Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
He sold his wares, along with secondhand goods, at Temple Fair in Bristol. In 1774 he set up a glass manufacturing business at 108 Temple Street. Isaac joined his father's business as a partner at age seventeen. [1] Using cobalt oxide imported by William Cookworthy from Saxony, Isaac designed and branded Bristol blue glass as it is known today.
1767 – Bristol Gazette newspaper begins publication. [16] 1768 – Bristol Bridge built. [1] 1769 – St Nicholas Church rebuilt. [2] 1770 – Bristol porcelain manufacture begins; [17] [18] Bristol blue glass is also first produced at about this date. 1773 – Bristol Library Society founded. [19]
Oil on canvas of The Old Glass Works, Nailsea in about 1810. The glassworks was established by John Robert Lucas, in 1788 because of the plentiful supply of coal for the furnaces, from Elms colliery and other local mines of the Nailsea Basin and outlier of the Bristol Coalfield.
John Wadham (1762–1843) of Frenchay Manor House was, from 1789, a co-owner and director of Wadham, Ricketts & Co, later Wadham, Ricketts, Fry & Co, which manufactured Bristol blue glass at the Phoenix Glassworks near Temple Gate, Bristol, examples of which can be seen in Bristol Museum, [7] and was a director of the Bristol Floating Harbour Company in 1820.
Cobalt glass—known as "smalt" when ground as a pigment—is a deep blue coloured glass prepared by including a cobalt compound, typically cobalt oxide or cobalt carbonate, in a glass melt. Cobalt is a very intense colouring agent and very little is required to show a noticeable amount of colour.
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