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Chronic care management encompasses the oversight and education activities conducted by health care provider to help patients with long term illness and health conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, lupus, multiple sclerosis, and stopping of breathing during asleep learn to understand their condition and live successfully with it.
Getting an appropriate amount of sleep each night is a form of self-care. Chronic illness (a health condition that is persistent and long lasting, often impacts one's whole life, e.g., heart failure, diabetes, high blood pressure) requires behaviors that control the illness, decrease symptoms, and improve survival such as medication adherence and symptom monitoring.
Whole Health Action Management (WHAM) is a peer-led intervention to facilitate self-management to reach whole health goals through peer coaching and support groups. [1] [2] It is a method of using peer support to support healthcare delivery, [3] and to counter high rates of chronic physical health conditions such as diabetes, heart disease and obesity among those with behavioral health diagnoses.
Lifestyle medicine (LM) is a branch of medicine focused on preventive healthcare and self-care dealing with prevention, research, education, and treatment of disorders caused by lifestyle factors and preventable causes of death such as nutrition, physical inactivity, chronic stress, and self-destructive behaviors including the consumption of tobacco products and drug or alcohol abuse. [1]
Self-management is the cornerstone for successful health outcomes in diabetes patients as there is a positive association between self-management behaviour and care outcomes. [3] [4] Self-management stresses the importance of the role of an individual and their responsibility in developing skilled behaviours to manage one's own illness. [5]
When a patient participates more in the decision-making process, the frequency of self-management behaviors increases, as well. [114] Self-management behaviors fall into three broad categories: health behaviors (like exercise), consumeristic behaviors (like reading the risks about a new treatment), and disease-specific management strategies. [115]
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Comprehensiveness of care, including preventive and wellness care, acute injury and illness care, chronic illness management and end-of-life care. Standards for the provision of appropriate patient education, self-management and community resources also are addressed.