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Tissue-type plasminogen activator, short name tPA, is a protein that facilitates the breakdown of blood clots. It acts as an enzyme to convert plasminogen into its active form plasmin, the major enzyme responsible for clot breakdown. It is a serine protease (EC 3.4.21.68) found on endothelial cells lining the blood vessels.
Cardiovascular agents are drugs that affect the rate and intensity of cardiac contraction, blood vessel diameters, blood volume, blood clotting and blood cholesterol levels. [1] They are indicated to treat diseases related to the heart or the vascular system (blood vessels), such as hypertension , hyperlipidemia , coagulation disorders , heart ...
Due to its contribution to fibrinolysis, tissue plasminogen activator is used medically to treat blood clot-related disorders including thrombotic or embolic stroke, myocardial infarction, and pulmonary embolism. It is manufactured using recombinant techniques and is sold as alteplase, reteplase, and tenecteplase.
It may also be known as a hemostatic (also spelled haemostatic) agent. [2] Antihemorrhagic agents used in medicine have various mechanisms of action: Systemic drugs work by inhibiting fibrinolysis or promoting coagulation. Locally acting hemostatic agents work by causing vasoconstriction or promoting platelet aggregation.
Coagulation, also known as clotting, is the process by which blood changes from a liquid to a gel, forming a blood clot. It results in hemostasis, the cessation of blood loss from a damaged vessel, followed by repair. The process of coagulation involves activation, adhesion and aggregation of platelets, as well as deposition and maturation of ...
The mechanism of secretion of thromboxanes from platelets is still unclear. They act in the formation of blood clots and reduce blood flow to the site of a clot. If the cap of a vulnerable plaque erodes or ruptures, as in myocardial infarction, platelets stick to the damaged lining of the vessel and to each other within seconds and form a plug ...
Coagulation in vivo. Blood coagulation is a complex process by which the blood forms clots. It is an essential part of hemostasis and works by stopping blood loss from damaged blood vessels. [10] At the site of injury, where there is an exposure of blood under the endothelium, the platelets gather and immediately form a plug. That process is ...
The blood clot contains the secondary hemostasis plug with blood cells trapped in it. This is a necessary step for wound healing , but it has the ability to cause severe health problems if the thrombus becomes detached from the vessel wall and travels through the circulatory system; If it reaches the brain, heart or lungs it could lead to ...