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To calculate prayer times two astronomical measures are necessary, the declination of the sun and the difference between clock time and sundial clock. This difference being the result of the eccentricity of the Earth's orbit and the inclination of its axis, it is called the equation of time. The declination of the sun is the angle between sun's ...
It consists of an odd number of rak'a, starting from one and going up to eleven, with slight differences between the different schools of jurisprudence. [72] Witr salah often includes the qunut. [73] Within Sunni schools of jurisprudence, the Hanafis view that the Witr salah is obligatory, while the other schools consider it a sunnah salah.
It also believes in a triple soul, of which the lowest level (nefesh or animal life) dissolves into the elements, the middle layer (ruach or intellect) goes to Gan Eden (Paradise) while the highest level (neshamah or spirit) seeks union with God. Some Jews consider tikkun olam ('repairing the world') as a fundamental motivating factor in Jewish ...
Nishmat and Yishtabach are in some ways considered to be one long blessing, abridged just to Yishtabach on weekdays when there is no time to recite the entire prayer. [ 13 ] In this prayer, the word Nishmat (the combining form of Nishmah נִשְׁמָה ' breath ') that begins the prayer is related to the word neshama ( נְשָׁמָה ...
From the time of the early Church, the practice of seven fixed prayer times has been taught, which traces itself to the Prophet David in Psalm 119:164. [12] In Apostolic Tradition, Hippolytus instructed Christians to pray seven times a day, "on rising, at the lighting of the evening lamp, at bedtime, at midnight" and "the third, sixth and ninth hours of the day, being hours associated with ...
The specific prayer Modeh Ani, however, is not mentioned in the Talmud or Shulchan Aruch, and first appears in the work Seder haYom by the 16th century rabbi Moshe ben Machir. [ 4 ] As this prayer does not include any of the names of God, observant Jews may recite it before washing their hands.
It is said of the former, as of the Holy Spirit, that it rests upon a person. The difference between the two in such cases has not yet been determined. Although the Holy Spirit is often named instead of God, [10] it was conceived as being something distinct. The Spirit was among the ten things that were created on the first day. [11]
However, the rabbinic requirement to recite a specific prayer text does differentiate between men and women: Jewish men are obligated to recite three prayers each day within specific time ranges , while, according to many approaches, women are only required to pray once or twice a day, and may not be required to recite a specific text. [3]