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Shimmering behaviour of Apis dorsata (giant honeybees). A group of animals fleeing from a predator shows the nature of herd behavior, for example in 1971, in the oft-cited article "Geometry for the Selfish Herd", evolutionary biologist W. D. Hamilton asserted that each individual group member reduces the danger to itself by moving as close as possible to the center of the fleeing group.
A herd is a social group of certain animals of the same species, either wild or domestic. The form of collective animal behavior associated with this is called herding. These animals are known as gregarious animals. The term herd is generally applied to mammals, and most particularly to the grazing ungulates that
A pack hunter or social predator is a predatory animal which hunts its prey by working together with other members of its species. [1] Normally animals hunting in this way are closely related, and with the exceptions of chimpanzees where only males normally hunt, all individuals in a family group contribute to hunting.
A pack animal, also known as a sumpter animal or beast of burden, is a working animal used to transport goods or materials by carrying them, usually on its back. Domestic animals of many species are used in this way, among them alpacas , Bactrian camels , donkeys , dromedaries , gayal , goats , horses , llamas , mules , reindeer , water ...
Smaller herds travel in packs of 2,500 reindeer or less while there are a few herds with more than 30,000 reindeer. During observation, some herds increased while others decreased. Canada
Wolf packs often work cooperatively, as in this bison hunt at Yellowstone National Park. A pack of coyotes in Yellowstone National Park in 1999. A pack is a social group of conspecific canines. The number of members in a pack and their social behavior varies from species to species. Social structure is very important in a pack.
Some animals are used due to sheer physical strength in tasks such as ploughing or logging. Such animals are grouped as a draught or draft animals. Others may be used as pack animals, for animal-powered transport, the movement of people and goods. Together, these are sometimes called beasts of burden.
Video shows the intense moment a pack of wolves chases down a herd of more than 300 elk in Yellowstone National Park. The video follows the elk herd as it races away from wolves trailing behind it.